Our Family History and Ancestry

Our family Histories

Eleanor of Castile and León, Queen consort of England[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23]

Female 1240 - 1290  (50 years)


Personal Information    |    Media    |    Sources    |    All    |    PDF

  • Name Eleanor of Castile and León 
    Suffix Queen consort of England 
    Nickname Eleanor Of Castile 
    Born 1240 
    Address:
    Burgos
    Burgos, CL
    Spain 
    Christened Princess of, Castile Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Gender Female 
    Birth 1275  Paris, Paris, Ile-de-France, France Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Christening Westminster Abbey, London, England Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Christening Westminster Abbey, London, England Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Christening Westminster Abbey, London, England Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Christening Burghos Spain Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Christening Princess of, Castile Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Christening Princess of, Castile Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Christening Princess of Castile Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Died 29 Nov 1290 
    Address:
    Herdeby
    Herdeby, Lincolnshire
    England 
    Buried 16 Dec 1290  Westminster Abbey Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Address:
    Westminster
    Westminster
    England 
    Death 14 Feb 1317  Marlborough Castle, Marlborough, Wiltshire, England Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Name Leonor (Her Castilian name) Alienor Alianor (in En... 
    Occupation Queen Consort of England, Queen of England, Queen, Queen Consort/Mother 
    Notes 
    • {geni:about_me} https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonor_de_Castilla

      =Eleanor of Castile=


      [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20Kings%201066-1603.htm#EdwardIdied1307B '''From Medlands:''']

      King Edward I & his first wife had sixteen children:

      1. '''KATHERINE''' ([1261/64]-5 Sep 1264). The Liberate Rolls record the order of cloths of gold “for the use of Katherine the deceased daughter of Edward the king´s firstborn” dated Oct 1264[743]. The necrology of Canterbury Christ Church records the death 5 Sep of “Katherine daughter of King Edward”[744].

      2. '''JOAN''' (Paris or Abbeville, Ponthieu early 1265-before 7 Sep 1265, bur Westminster Abbey). The Close Rolls record the order for a gold cloth for the tomb of “Johanne filie Edwardi primogeniti regis nuper defuncte et in ecclesia Westmonasterii sepulti” dated 7 Sep 1265[745].

      3. '''JOHN''' [of Winchester] ([Windsor or Winchester] 10 Jul 1266-before 8 Aug 1271, bur Westminster Abbey). The Cronica Maiorum et Vicecomitum Londoniarum records that “uxor domini Edwardi” gave birth “II Id Jul...apud Windleshores” to “filium suum primogenitum”, dated to 1266 from the context[746]. The Annales Cambriæ record the death in 1271 of "Johannes filius Edwardi primogenitus" and his burial "apud Westmonasterium", stating that he was "in custodia domini regis Alemanniæ" (presumably indicating his paternal uncle Richard Earl of Cornwall)[747]. The Annals of Osney record the death “apud Walingeford circa gulam Augusti” in 1271 of “dominus Johannes primogenitus domini Edwardi” and his burial “apud Westmonasterium”[748]. The Chronicle of John de Oxenedes records the burial “VI Id Aug...apud Westmonasterium” of “dominus J. de Wincestria primogenitus domini Ædwardi domini Henrici regis Angliæ primogeniti”, dated to 1271 from the context[749].

      4. '''HENRY''' (Windsor Castle 13 Jul [1267/68]-Merton, Surrey or Guildford Castle, Surrey 14 Oct 1274, bur Westminster Abbey). The Liberate Rolls record a payment to “Aymenin yeoman of Eleanor wife of Edward the king´s son” for bringing news to the king “about her childbearing”, dated 6 May 1268[750]. The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the burial at Westminster "XIII Kal Nov" 20 Oct [1274] of "dominus Henricus domini Edwardi filius"[751]. The Chronicle of Thomas Wykes records the death “circa festum Sancti Calixti Papæ” in 1274 of “Henricus filius regis Edwardi secundo genitus” and his burial “apud Westmonasterium…X Kal Nov”[752]. The Chronicle of John de Oxenedes records the burial “apud Westmonasterium XIII Kal Nov” of “dominus Henricus domini Ædwardi filius”, dated to 1273 from the context[753]. Betrothed (1 Sep 1273) to JEANNE de Champagne, Infanta doña JUANA de Navarra, daughter of ENRIQUE I King of Navarre [HENRI III Comte de Champagne] & his wife Blanche d'Artois [Capet] (Bar-sur-Seine 14 Jan 1273-Château de Vincennes 31 Mar or 2 Apr 1305, bur Paris église des Cordeliers). A charter dated 1 Sep 1273 records the agreement between "Edbbardus…rex Anglie" and "Henricus…rex Navarre, Campanie et Brie, comes palatinus" for the marriage of "Henricus rex…Johannam filiam nostrum et heredem" and "Henrico filio primogenitor et heredi…Edbbardi regis Anglie"[754].

      5. '''ELEANOR''' (Windsor Castle before 17 Jun 1269-Ghent 12 Oct 1297, bur Westminster Abbey). The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the birth "apud Wyndleshores" of "filiam…Alienoram" to "Alienora uxor domini Eadwardi regis primogeniti"[755]. The Chronicle of John de Oxenedes records that “Alianora uxor domini Ædwardi domini regis primogeniti” gave birth “apud Wyndleshores” to “filiam...Alianoram”, dated to 1269 from the context[756]. The Patent Rolls include an order dated 17 Jun 1269 granting a reward to “John de Beaumes yeoman of Eleanor consort of Edward the king´s son for bringing the good news of the birth of her daughter Eleanor”[757]. The marriage contract between “Edwardus...rex Angliæ...filiam suam majorem” and “infans Petrus...regis Aragonum primogenitus” is dated 8 Oct 1272[758]. Despite the error of name, it is likely that this betrothal relates to the king´s known eldest son Alfonso, whom Eleanor later married, rather than an otherwise unrecorded older son named Pedro: no case has been found in the family of the kings of Aragon where the oldest son of the king was named after his father. A charter dated 19 Jun 1281 confirmed the marriage contract between “rex...filiæ nostræ” and “rege Aragoniæ...primogeniti sui”[759]. The Chronicle of Ramon Muntaner records that Edward I King of England sent "Jean d´Agrilli" to Barcelona to negotiate the marriage of his daughter to Alfonso III King of Aragon, dated to 1286, and records the betrothal later the same year[760]. The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the marriage "apud Bristoll vigilia S Matthaæi Apostoli" 20 Sep [1293] of "Alienora regis Angliæ flia primogenita" and "domino Henrico comitis de Baroduc"[761]. The Oude Kronik van Brabant records the marriage in 1294 of "comes de Barri" and "filiam primogenitam Eduardi regis Anglorum"[762]. [Poull gives no death date for Eleanor, but says that she returned to England after her husband died and that 8 May 1304 her father started negotiations for her marriage with Robert, son of Othon Comte Palatin de Bourgogne & his wife Mathilde Ctss d'Artois[763]. This seems unlikely to be correct as Robert de Bourgogne was born in 1300, so was over 30 years younger than Eleanor. It appears more probable that these marriages negotiations refer to the king´s daughter of the same name who was born to his second marriage (see below).] m firstly (Betrothed [1286], by proxy Westminster Abbey 15 Aug 1290, not consummated) ALFONSO III "el Liberal" King of Aragon, son of PEDRO III "el Grande" King of Aragon & his wife Constanza of Sicily [Hohenstaufen] (Valencia 4 Nov 1265-Barcelona 18 Jun 1291, bur Barcelona Franciscan Monastery). m secondly (Bristol 20 Sep 1293) HENRI III Comte de Bar, son of THIBAUT II Comte de Bar & his second wife Jeanne de Toucy ([1255/60]-Naples Sep 1302).

      6. '''daughter''' ([Acre], Palestine [May] 1271-Palestine 29 May [1271/72], bur [Bordeaux Dominican Priory]). The Cronica Maiorum et Vicecomitum Londoniarum records that “due filie” were born to Edward “in Terra Sancta”, adding that “quarum una mortua est et altera venit cum eo et cum regina usque in Vasconiam”, dated to 1271 from the context[764]. Assuming that the two daughters were not twins, the birth of the older daughter would be placed in 1271. Queen Eleanor provided a gold cloth for the anniversary of her daughter 29 May at the Dominican priory in Bordeaux where the child was buried[765]. This burial could refer to this unnamed daughter, whose body would have been transported back from Palestine, or to another otherwise unrecorded daughter.

      7. '''JOAN "of Acre"''' (Acre, Palestine Spring 1272-Clare Manor, Suffolk 23 Apr 1307, bur 26 Apr 1307 Priory Church of the Austin Friars, Clare, Suffolk). The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the birth at Acre in [1272] of "filiam…Johannam" to "Alienor uxor domini Eadwardi"[766]. The Annales Hospitalis Argentinenses record that "comes Hartmannus [filius reginæ uxoris Rudolfi Regis]" was betrothed to "filia regis Anglie"[767]. This betrothal was arranged by King Rudolf to exploit Anglo/French rivalry. Two charters dated 1276 record negotiations for the marriage between “dominus rex Alemaniæ...filium suum Hartmannum” and “filiam regis Angliæ Johannam”[768]. A charter dated Dec 1278 records the agreement that the marriage between “R. Romanorum rex...Hartmannum comitem de Habspurg et de Kyburg, Alsatiæ langravium natum suum” and “Johannæ...Edwardi...regis Angliæ...filiæ”, already betrothed, should be celebrated[769]. The marriage was postponed. The dispensation for the marriage of “Gileberto comiti Gloverniæ et Hertfordiæ” and “Johanna nata...Edvardi regis Angliæ”, dated 16 Nov 1289, records the 2o and 3o affinity between the parties illustrated by the 2o and 3o consanguinity between “Aliciam natam quondam...Hugonis comitis Marchiæ” [the bridegroom´s first wife] and “prædictam Johannam”[770]. The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the marriage "ultimo die mensis Aprilis apud Westmonasterium" of "Gilbertus de Clare comes Gloverniæ" and "dominam Johannam dicta de Acra…filium regis Angliæ"[771]. The Chronica de Fundatoribus et Fundatione of Tewkesbury Abbey records the marriage of “Gilbertus secundus” and “Johanna de Acres, filia regis Edwardi primi”[772]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Edwardus rex…Johannam filiam suam secundo genitam” married “Gilberto comiti Gloverniæ” in 1290[773]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “comitissa Gloverniæ, filia domini regis” married “cuidam militia sine assensu regio” in 1296[774]. The primary source which confirms her second marriage more precisely has not yet been identified. Her second marriage was clandestine. The king, her father, did not know that Joan was already married when he agreed 16 Mar 1297 her marriage to Amédée Comte de Savoie. He confiscated Joan's lands 3 Jul 1297 when he found out about the marriage, but pardoned her 2 Aug 1297[775]. A manuscript history of the foundation of Dunmow Priory records the death in 1307 of “Johanna de Acres comitissa de Clare” and her burial “in ecclesia fratrum S. Augustini apud Clare”[776]. Betrothed to HARTMANN von Habsburg Graf von Kiburg, son of RUDOLF I Graf von Habsburg King of Germany & his first wife Gertrud [Anna] von Hohenberg [Zollern] (Rheinfelden 1263-drowned between Breisach and Strasbourg 21 Dec 1281, bur Basel Münster). m firstly (Papal dispensation 16 Nov 1289, Westminster Abbey 30 Apr 1290) as his second wife, GILBERT de Clare Earl of Gloucester and Hertford "the Red Earl", son of RICHARD de Clare Earl of Gloucester and Hertford & his second wife Maud de Lacy (Christchurch, Hampshire 2 Sep 1243-Monmouth Castle 7 Dec 1295, bur 22 Dec 1295 Tewkesbury). m secondly (secretly early 1297 or [12 May/3 Jul] 1297) as his first wife, RALPH de Monthermer, son of --- (-5 Apr 1325, bur Salisbury, Grey Friars church). He was a member of the household of her first husband. He was imprisoned by the King at Bristol when he learned of his marriage, but pardoned at Eltham 2 Aug 1297[777]. He used the title Earl of Gloucester and Hertford, in right of his wife, but does not seem to have been so created.

      8. '''ALFONSO''' (Bayonne or Bordeaux or in Maine 24 Nov [1273]-Windsor Castle 19 Aug 1284, bur Westminster Abbey). The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the birth "apud Baunam in Gasconia…subsequente diem S Clemente" 24 Nov [1273] of "filius…Aldephonsum" to "domino Edwardo"[778]. The Chronicle of John de Oxenedes records the birth “apud Baunam in Guasconia nocte subsequente diem Sancti Clementis” of “domino Ædwardo...filius...Aldephonsum”, dated to 1273 from the context[779]. The Annals of Waverley records the birth “apud Baionam in Vasconia…Novembri…in vigilia beatæ Katerinæ virginis” in 1275 of “domina Alianora regina Angliæ filium…Alfonsus”[780]. The probable birth dates of the other children of King Edward I suggest 1273 as the more likely birth date of Alfonso. He is said to have been designated Earl of Chester in 1284[781]. The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the death "apud Windleshores die S Magni Martyris" 19 Aug [1284] of "dominus Aldephonsus domini regis Angliæ filius"[782]. The Chronicle of Thomas Wykes records the death “XIV Kal Sep” in 1284 of “dominus Alfonsus filius domini regis Angliæ” and his burial “apud Westmonasterium die Sabbati proxima post festum Sancti Bartholomæi”[783]. A manuscript, maybe of Welsh origin and which names Henry VI at the end so can presumably be dated to his reign, names “...Alicia quæ moritur ætate XII an. et jacet apud Westmonasterium...” among the children of King Edward I[784]. No other primary source record has been found of a daughter of the king named Alice. The age at death suggests that the entry may be an error for Alfonso (who is otherwise omitted from the list). Betrothed (5 Jul 1281) to MARGARETA of Holland, daughter FLORIS V Count of Holland & his wife Beatrix de Flandre (-after 12 Aug 1284). The Chronologia Johannes de Beke names (in order) "Theodricum, Florencium, Wilhelmum, Ottonem, Wilhelmum, Florencium et Iohannem Hollandie comitem, Beatricem, Machtildim, Elizabeth et Margaretam Anglie reginam" as children of Count Floris & his wife[785], the reference to “Anglie reginam” being explained by her betrothal. Floris V Count of Holland betrothed "Margaretam filiam nostram" to “domino Edwardo...regi Anglie...domino Alfonso eius filio” by charter dated 5 Jul 1281[786]. Floris V Count of Holland agreed the dowry for the marriage of "Edwardi regis Anglorum...dominum Alfonsum dicti domini regis primogenitum" and “Margaretam filiam nostram” by charter dated 12 Aug 1283, which also provides for the marriage between “Johannis filii nostri” and “eius filiam”[787].

      9. '''ISABELLA''' (Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire or Windsor Castle or Marlborough Castle, Wiltshire [12/15] Mar 1274- ----, bur Westminster Abbey). The Annals of Worcester record the birth “XVIII Kal Apr” in 1274 of “Edwardo regi Angliæ filiam…Ysabellam”[788], although the date is too close to the recorded birth of her older brother Alfonso for 1274 to be the correct year of Isabella´s birth. The Annals of Winchester record the birth “XVIII Kal Apr…apud Wyndesore” in 1275 of “Alianora regina domino Edwardi regi Angliæ…filiam…Isabellam”[789]. It is uncertain which date “XVIII Kal Apr” is intended to indicate. If the date of Margaret´s birth is recorded correctly in 1275 as shown below, Isabella must have been born in 1274 not 1275.

      10. '''MARGARET''' (Windsor Castle 11 Sep [1275]-1318 or after 11 Mar 1333, bur Brussels, Saints Michael and Gudula). The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the birth in 1275 at Windsor of "filiam…Margaret" to "Alienora uxor regis, regina Angliæ"[790]. A charter dated 6 Jan 1278 (O.S.?) records negotiations for the marriage between “E....roi d´Engleterre...vestre fille” and “Johan. duk de Lother. et Braibant...mon fiz”[791]. The marriage contract between “Johan...duc de Lother. et de Braibant...Johan nostre eisne fiz” and “Edw...roi d´Engleterre...Margarete fille le roi” is dated Jan 1278 (O.S.?)[792]. The Annales Halesiensibus record the marriage "1290 XVII Id Iul" of "Margaretam filiam regis" and "Iohannes filius et heres ducis Brabantie"[793]. The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the marriage "VI Id Jul" at Westminster of "Johannes filius et hæres Johannis ducis Brabantiæ" and "Margaretam filiam regis Anglie"[794]. The Annales Londonienses record the marriage "VII Id Iul" in 1290 of "domina Margareta…regis Angliæ filia" and "Johanni filio ducis Brabantiæ"[795]. The Oude Kronik van Brabant records that "Johannes secundus…dux Lotharingie, Brabancie et Lymburgie marchioque Sacri Imperii" married "Margaretam filiam Eduardi primi regis Anglie"[796]. m (contract Jan 1278 or 1279, Westminster Abbey 8 Jul 1290) JEAN de Brabant, son of JEAN I Duke of Brabant & his second wife Marguerite de Flandre (27 Sep 1275-Château de Tervueren 27 Oct 1312, Brussels Saints Michael and Gudula). He succeeded his father in 1294 as JEAN II Duke of Brabant.

      11. '''BERENGARIA''' (Kennington Palace, Surrey 1 May [1276 or 1277]-young). The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the birth in 1276 of "filiam…Berengariam" to "Alienor regina"[797]. The Annals of Winchester record the birth “Kal Mai…apud Kenyngtone” in 1276 of “Alianora regina domino Edwardi regi Angliæ…filiam…---”[798]. The Chronicle of John de Oxenedes records that “Alianora regina” gave birth to “filiam...Berengarium”, dated to 1276 from the context[799]. If the birth of Margaret is correctly recorded in 1275 as shown above, Berengaria must have been born prematurely if born in 1276. An alternative possibility is that the year was incorrectly recorded and should have been 1277.

      12. '''MARY''' (Windsor Castle 12 Mar or 22 Apr 1279-Amesbury Abbey before 8 Jul 1332, bur Amesbury Abbey). The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the birth "vigilie S Gregorii apud Windleshores" 11 Mar [1279] of "filiam…Mariam" to "Alienora regina Anglie"[800]. The Chronicle of John de Oxenedes records that “Alianora regina Angliæ” gave birth “vigilia sancti Gregorii apud Windleshorem” 1279 to “filiam...Mariam”[801]. The Annals of Worcester record the birth “IV Id Mar” of “regina Angliæ…filiam apud Woodstock…vocata est ---”[802]. She became a nun at Amesbury Abbey, Wiltshire 15 Aug 1285. The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records that "Maria filia regis Angliæ" became a nun at Amesbury "die Nativitatis beatæ Mariæ" 8 Sep[803]. A charter dated 2 Jan 1292 records that “rex...filiæ nostræ Mariæ” became a nun “apud Ambresburiam”[804].

      13. '''ELIZABETH''' (Rhuddlan Castle, Flintshire Aug 1282-Quendon, Essex [5] May 1316, bur Walden Abbey, Essex). The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the birth "apud Rothelan" in 1282 of "filiam…Elizabetham" to "Alienora regina Angliæ"[805]. Floris V Count of Holland agreed the dowry for the marriage of "Edwardi regis Anglorum...dominum Alfonsum dicti domini regis primogenitum" and “Margaretam filiam nostram” by charter dated 12 Aug 1283, which also provides for the marriage between “Johannis filii nostri” and “eius filiam”[806]. The marriage contract between "Edwardum...regem Anglie...filie sue Elizabethe" and “dominum Florentium comitem Hollandie...Johannis filii sui primogeniti” is dated 1285[807]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the marriage of Count Jan and "Elizabeth…Eduardi regis filia", recording in a later passage that she returned to England after her husband died and married (secondly) "comes Erffordie"[808]. The dispensation for the marriage of “Humfrido comiti Herefordensi” and “Elizabetæ natæ...Edvardi regis Angliæ...relictæ quondam Johannis comitis Hollandiæ” is dated 10 Aug 1302[809]. The Annales Londonienses record the marriage "in festo Sanctæ Katerinæ…apud Caversham juxta Redyng" in 1302 of "Margareta filia regis Angliæ, comitissa Hoylandiæ et Salondiæ" and "domino Humfrido de Bohun comiti Herefordiæ"[810]. A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey records that “Humfredus octavus de Bohun, comes Herefordiæ et Essex, constabularius Angliæ et dominus Breconiæ” married “Elizabetham filiam regis Edwardi filii regis Henrici tertii”, adding that she was buried “apud Waldene”[811]. The History of the foundation of Walden abbey records the birth “apud Quenden” of “quædam filia” to “Humfridus de Bohun” and his wife “Elizabethæ…regis Angliæ Edwardi…filiæ” during whose birth her mother died, and in a later passage her burial at Waldon[812]. m firstly (Betrothed 1285, Ipswich Priory Church, Suffolk 18 Jan 1297) JAN I Count of Holland and Zeeland, son of FLORIS V Count of Holland & his wife Béatrice de Flandre [Dampierre] (before 12 Aug 1283-10 Nov 1299). m secondly (Papal dispensation 10 Aug 1302, Westminster Abbey 14 Nov 1302) HUMPHREY [VIII] de Bohun Earl of Hereford and Essex, son of HUMPHREY [VII] de Bohun Earl of Hereford and Essex & his wife Mathilde de Fiennes ([1276]-killed in battle Boroughbridge 16 Mar 1322, bur York, church of the Friars Preachers). He succeeded his father in 1298 as Earl of Hereford and Essex, Constable of England.

      14. '''EDWARD "of Caernarvon"''' (Caernarvon Castle 25 Apr 1284-murdered Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire 21 Sep 1327, bur Gloucester Cathedral). The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the birth "die S Marci Evangelistæ" 25 Apr [1284] at Caernarvon of "domini regi Angliæ filius…Eadwardus"[813]. He succeeded his father in 1307 as EDWARD II King of England.

      15. ['''BEATRIX''' (-young). A manuscript, maybe of Welsh origin and which names Henry VI at the end so can presumably be dated to his reign, names “...Beatrix quæ moritur puella, Blanchia quæ moritur puella” at the end of a list of children of King Edward I[814]. Inaccuracies are noted elsewhere in this document, so its historical value is difficult to assess. The existence of these daughters Beatrix and Blanche has not been corroborated in other primary source documents.]

      16. ['''BLANCHE''' (-young). A manuscript, maybe of Welsh origin and which names Henry VI at the end so can presumably be dated to his reign, names “...Beatrix quæ moritur puella, Blanchia quæ moritur puella” at the end of a list of children of King Edward I[815]. Inaccuracies are noted elsewhere in this document, so its historical value is difficult to assess. The existence of these daughters Beatrix and Blanche has not been corroborated in other primary source documents.]

      -----


      ==Links:==
      *[http://thepeerage.com/p10191.htm#i101904 The Peerage]
      *[http://www.geneall.net/H/per_page.php?id=330 Geneall]
      *[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=8327744 Find a grave]
      *[http://www.genealogy4u.com/genealogy/getperson.php?personID=I576&tree=western2007 Genealogi4u]
      *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleanor_of_Castile Wikipedia]

      https://www.geni.com/documents/view?doc_id=6000000045757978854&

      --------------------
      Eleanor of Castile (1241 – 28 November 1290) was the first queen consort of Edward I of England. She was also Countess of Ponthieu in her own right from 1279 until her death in 1290, succeeding her mother and ruling together with her husband.
      Eleanor was born in Castile, now Spain, daughter of Ferdinand III of Castile and Joan, Countess of Ponthieu. Her Castilian name, Leonor, became Alienor or Alianor in England, and Eleanor in modern English. She was named after her great-grandmother, Eleanor of England.
      Eleanor was the second of five children born to Ferdinand and Joan. Her elder brother Ferdinand was born in 1239/40, her younger brother Louis in 1242/43; two sons born after Louis died young. For the ceremonies in 1291 marking the first anniversary of Eleanor's death, 49 candlebearers were paid to walk in the public procession to commemorate each year of her life. This would date her birth to the year 1241. Since her parents were apart from each other for 13 months while King Ferdinand conducted a military campaign in Andalusia from which he returned to the north of Spain only in February 1241, Eleanor was probably born toward the end of that year. Both the court of her father and her half-brother Alfonso X of Castile were known for its literary atmosphere. Growing up in such an environment probably influenced her later literary activities as queen. She was said to have been at her father's deathbed in Seville in 1252.
      Prospective bride to Theobald II of Navarre:
      Eleanor's marriage in 1254 to the future Edward I of England was not the first marriage her family planned for her. The kings of Castile had long made the flimsy claim to be paramount lords of the Kingdom of Navarre in the Pyrenees, and from 1250 Ferdinand III and his heir, Eleanor's half-brother Alfonso X of Castile, hoped she would marry Theobald II of Navarre. To avoid Castilian control, Margaret of Bourbon (mother to Theobald II) in 1252 allied with James I of Aragon instead, and as part of that treaty solemnly promised that Theobald would never marry Eleanor.
      Marriage:
      Then, in 1252, Alfonso X resurrected another flimsy ancestral claim, this time to the duchy of Gascony, in the south of Aquitaine, last possession of the Kings of England in France. Henry III of England swiftly countered Alfonso's claims with both diplomatic and military moves. Early in 1254 the two kings began to negotiate; after haggling over the financial provision for Eleanor, Henry and Alfonso agreed she would marry Henry's son Edward, and Alfonso would transfer his Gascon claims to Edward. Henry was so anxious for the marriage to take place that he willingly abandoned elaborate preparations already made for Edward's knighting in England, and agreed that Alfonso would knight Edward before the wedding took place.
      The young couple married at the monastery of Las Huelgas, Burgos on 1 November 1254. Edward and Eleanor were second cousins once removed, as Eleanor's great-grandmother Eleanor of England was a daughter of King Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Henry III took pride in resolving the Gascon crisis so decisively, but his English subjects feared that the marriage would bring Eleanor's kinfolk and countrymen to live off Henry's ruinous generosity. Several of her relatives did come to England soon after her marriage. She was too young to stop them or prevent Henry III from paying for them, but she was blamed anyway and her marriage was unpopular. Interestingly enough, Eleanor's mother had been spurned in marriage by Henry III and her great-grandmother, Alys, Countess of the Vexin, had been spurned in marriage by Richard I. However, the presence of more English, Frank and Norman soldiers of fortune and opportunists in the recently reconquered Seville and Cordoba Moorish Kingdoms would be increased, thanks to this alliance between royal houses, until the advent of the later Hundred Years War when it would be symptomatic of extended hostilities between the French and the English for peninsular support.
      Second Barons' War:
      There is little record of Eleanor's life in England until the 1260s, when the Second Barons' War, between Henry III and his barons, divided the kingdom. During this time Eleanor actively supported Edward's interests, importing archers from her mother's county of Ponthieu in France. It is untrue, however, that she was sent to France to escape danger during the war; she was in England throughout the struggle. Rumours that she was seeking fresh troops from Castile led the baronial leader, Simon de Montfort, to order her removal from Windsor Castle in June 1264 after the royalist army had been defeated at the Battle of Lewes. Edward was captured at Lewes and imprisoned, and Eleanor was honourably confined at Westminster Palace. After Edward and Henry's army defeated the baronial army at the Battle of Evesham in 1265, Edward took a major role in reforming the government and Eleanor rose to prominence at his side. Her position was greatly improved in July 1266 when, after she had borne three short-lived daughters, she finally gave birth to a son, John, who was followed by a second, Henry, in the spring of 1268, and in 1269 by a healthy daughter, Eleanor.
      Crusade:
      By 1270, the kingdom was pacified and Edward and Eleanor left to join his uncle Louis IX of France on the Eighth Crusade. Louis died at Carthage before they arrived, however, and after they spent the winter in Sicily, the couple went on to Acre in Palestine, where they arrived in May 1271. Eleanor gave birth to a daughter, known as "Joanna of Acre" for her birthplace.
      The crusade was militarily unsuccessful, but Baibars of the Bahri dynasty was worried enough by Edward's presence at Acre that an assassination attempt was made on the English heir in June 1272. He was wounded in the arm by a dagger that was thought to be poisoned. The wound soon became seriously inflamed, and an English surgeon saved him by cutting away the diseased flesh, but only after Eleanor was led from his bed, "weeping and wailing." Later storytellers embellished this incident, claiming Eleanor sucked poison from the wound, but this fanciful tale has no foundation.
      They left Palestine in September 1272 and in Sicily that December they learned of Henry III's death (on 16 November 1272). Edward and Eleanor returned to England and were crowned together on 19 August 1274.
      Queen consort of England:
      Arranged royal marriages in the Middle Ages were not always happy, but available evidence indicates that Eleanor and Edward were devoted to each other. Edward is among the few medieval English kings not known to have conducted extramarital affairs or fathered children out of wedlock. The couple were rarely apart; she accompanied him on military campaigns in Wales, famously giving birth to their son Edward on 25 April 1284 in a temporary dwelling erected for her amid the construction of Caernarfon Castle.
      Their household records witness incidents that imply a comfortable, even humorous, relationship. Each year on Easter Monday, Edward let Eleanor's ladies trap him in his bed and paid them a token ransom so he could go to her bedroom on the first day after Lent; so important was this custom to him that in 1291, on the first Easter Monday after Eleanor's death, he gave her ladies the money he would have given them had she been alive. Edward disliked ceremonies and in 1290 refused to attend the marriage of Earl Marshal Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk; Eleanor thoughtfully (or resignedly) paid minstrels to play for him while he sat alone during the wedding.
      That Edward remained single until he wed Marguerite of France in 1299 is often cited to prove he cherished Eleanor's memory. In fact he considered a second marriage as early as 1293, but this does not mean he did not mourn Eleanor. Eloquent testimony is found in his letter to the abbot of Cluny in France (January 1291), seeking prayers for the soul of the wife "whom living we dearly cherished, and whom dead we cannot cease to love." In her memory, Edward ordered the construction of twelve elaborate stone crosses (of which three survive, almost intact) between 1291 and 1294, marking the route of her funeral procession between Lincoln and London.
      However, only one of Eleanor's four sons survived childhood and, even before she died, Edward worried over the succession: if that son died, their daughters' husbands might cause a succession war. Despite personal grief, Edward faced his duty and married again. He delighted in the sons his new wife bore, but attended memorial services for Eleanor to the end of his life, Marguerite at his side on at least one occasion.
      Popularity:
      Eleanor is warmly remembered by history as the queen who inspired the Eleanor crosses, but she was not so loved in her own time. The English saw her as a greedy foreigner. Walter of Guisborough preserves a contemporary poem:
      "The king desires to get our gold/the queen, our manors fair to hold."
      John Peckham, Archbishop of Canterbury warned Eleanor that her activities in the land market caused outcry, gossip, rumour and scandal across the realm. Her often aggressive acquisition of lands was an unusual degree of economic activity for any medieval noblewoman, let alone a queen: between 1274 and 1290 she acquired estates worth above £2500 yearly. In fact, Edward himself initiated this process and his ministers helped her. He wanted the queen to hold lands sufficient for her financial needs without drawing on funds needed for government. One of his methods to help Eleanor acquire land was to give her debts Christian landlords owed Jewish moneylenders; she foreclosed on lands pledged for the debts. The debtors were often glad to rid themselves of the debts and also profited from the favour Eleanor showed them afterwards. But her reputation in England was further blighted by association with the highly unpopular moneylenders.
      Peckham also warned of complaints against her officials' demands upon her tenants. On her deathbed, Eleanor asked Edward to name justices to examine her officials' actions and make reparations. The surviving proceedings from this inquest do reveal a pattern of ruthless exactions, often without the queen's knowledge. She righted such wrongs when she heard of them, but not often enough to prevent a third warning from Peckham that many in England thought she urged Edward to rule harshly. In fact Edward allowed her little political influence, but her officials' demands were ascribed to her imagined personal severity, which was used to explain the king's administrative strictness. In other words, the queen was made to wear the king's unpopular mask. It was always safer to blame a foreign-born queen than to criticise a king, and easier to believe he was misled by a meddling wife. Eleanor was neither the first queen nor the last to be blamed for a king's actions, but in her case the unsavory conduct of her own administration made it even easier to shift such blame to her.
      Limited political influence:
      Contemporary evidence shows clearly that Eleanor had no impact on the political history of Edward's reign. Even in diplomatic matters her role was minor, though Edward did heed her advice on the age at which their daughters could marry foreign rulers. Otherwise she merely bestowed gifts on visiting princes or envoys. Edward always honoured his obligations to Alfonso X, but even when Alfonso's need was desperate in the early 1280s, Edward did not send English knights to Castile; he sent only knights from Gascony, which was closer to Castile. In England, Eleanor did mediate disputes of a minor nature between Edward's subjects, but only with Edward's consent and only with the help of ranking members of his council. Edward was prepared to resist her demands, or to stop her, if he felt she was going too far in any of her activities, and expected his ministers to do likewise.
      If she was allowed no effective official role, Eleanor was an intelligent and cultured woman and found other satisfying outlets for her energies. She was an active patroness of vernacular literature, with scribes and an illuminator in her household to copy books for her. Some of these were apparently vernacular romances and saints' lives, but Eleanor's tastes ranged far more widely than that. The number and variety of new works written for her show that her interests were broad and sophisticated. On Crusade in 1272, she had De Re Militari by Vegetius translated for Edward. After she succeeded her mother as countess of Ponthieu in 1279, a romance was written for her about the life of a supposed 9th century count of Ponthieu. In the 1280s, Archbishop Peckham wrote a work for her to explain what angels were and what they did. In January 1286 she thanked the abbot of Cerne for lending her a book—possibly a treatise on chess known to have been written at Cerne in the late thirteenth century—and her accounts reveal her in 1290 corresponding with an Oxford master about one of her books.
      The queen was a devoted patron of Dominican Order friars, founding several priories in England and supporting their work at the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge. Not surprisingly, Eleanor's piety was of an intellectual stamp; apart from her religious foundations she was not given to good works, and she left it to her chaplains to distribute alms for her. She patronised many relatives, though given foreigners' unpopularity in England and the criticism of Henry III and Eleanor of Provence's generosity to them, she was cautious as queen to choose which cousins to support. Rather than marry her male cousins to English heiresses, which would put English wealth in foreign hands, she arranged marriages for her female cousins to English barons. Edward strongly supported these endeavours.
      Death:
      In the autumn of 1290, news reached Edward that Margaret, the Maid of Norway, heiress of Scotland, had died. He had just held a parliament at Clipstone in Nottinghamshire, and continued to linger in those parts, presumably to await news of further developments in Scotland. Eleanor followed him at a leisurely pace as she was unwell with a feverish illness, probably a quartan fever first reported in 1287. After the couple left Clipstone they travelled slowly toward the city of Lincoln, a destination Eleanor would never reach.
      Her condition worsened when they reached the village of Harby, Nottinghamshire, less than 22 miles (35 km) from Lincoln. The journey was abandoned, and the queen was lodged in the house of Richard de Weston, the foundations of which can still be seen near Harby's parish church. After piously receiving the Church's last rites, she died there on the evening of the 28 November 1290, aged 49 and after 36 years of marriage. Edward was at her bedside to hear her final requests.
      Procession, burial and monuments:
      Edward followed her body to burial in Westminster Abbey, and erected memorial crosses at the site of each overnight stop between Lincoln and Westminster. Based on crosses in France marking Louis IX's funeral procession, these artistically significant monuments enhanced the image of Edward's kingship as well as witnessing his grief. The "Eleanor crosses" stood at Lincoln, Grantham, Stamford, Geddington, Northampton, Stony Stratford, Woburn, Dunstable, St Albans, Waltham, Westcheap, and Charing – only 3 survive, none in entirety. The best preserved is that at Geddington. All 3 have lost the crosses "of immense height" that originally surmounted them; only the lower stages remain. The Waltham cross has been heavily restored and to prevent further deterioration, its original statues of the queen are now in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London. The Waltham and Northampton crosses have been moved to locations different from their original sites.
      The monument now known as "Charing Cross" in London, in front of the railway station of that name, was built in 1865 to publicise the railway hotel at Charing station. The original Charing cross was at the top of Whitehall, on the south side of Trafalgar Square, but was destroyed in 1647 and later replaced by a statue of Charles I.
      In the thirteenth century, embalming involved evisceration. Eleanor's viscera were buried in Lincoln Cathedral, where Edward placed a duplicate of the Westminster tomb. The Lincoln tomb's original stone chest survives; its effigy was destroyed in the 17th century and replaced with a 19th-century copy. On the outside of Lincoln Cathedral are two statues often identified as Edward and Eleanor, but these images were heavily restored and given new heads in the 19th century; probably they were not originally intended to depict the couple.
      The queen's heart was taken with the body to London and was buried in the Dominican priory at Blackfriars in London. The accounts of her executors show that the monument constructed there to commemorate her heart burial was richly elaborate, including wall paintings as well as an angelic statue in metal that apparently stood under a carved stone canopy. It was destroyed in the 16th century during the Dissolution of the Monasteries.
      Eleanor's funeral took place in Westminster Abbey on 17 December 1290. Her body was placed in a grave near the high altar that had originally contained the coffin of Edward the Confessor and, more recently, that of King Henry III until his remains were removed to his new tomb in 1290. Eleanor's body remained in this grave until the completion of her own tomb. She had probably ordered that tomb before her death. It consists of a marble chest with carved mouldings and shields (originally painted) of the arms of England, Castile, and Ponthieu. The chest is surmounted by William Torel's superb gilt-bronze effigy, showing Eleanor in the same pose as the image on her great seal.
      When Edward remarried a decade after her death, he and his second wife Margaret of France, named their only daughter Eleanor in honour of her.
      Legacy:
      Eleanor of Castile's queenship is significant in English history for the evolution of a stable financial system for the king's wife, and for the honing this process gave the queen-consort's prerogatives. The estates Eleanor assembled became the nucleus for dower assignments made to later queens of England into the 15th century, and her involvement in this process solidly established a queen-consort's freedom to engage in such transactions. Few later queens exerted themselves in economic activity to the extent Eleanor did, but their ability to do so rested on the precedents settled in her lifetime.
      Historical reputation:
      Despite her unpopularity in her own day, Eleanor of Castile has had a positive reputation since the 16th century. The antiquarian William Camden first published in England the tale that Eleanor saved Edward's life at Acre by sucking his wound. Camden then went on to ascribe construction of the Eleanor crosses to Edward's grief at the loss of a heroic wife who had selflessly risked her own life to save his. Camden's discussion of the crosses reflected the religious history of his time; the crosses were in fact intended to attract prayers for Eleanor's soul from passersby, but the Protestant Reformation in England had officially ended the practice of praying for the souls of the dead, so Camden instead ascribed Edward's commemorations of his wife to her alleged heroism in saving Edward's life at the risk of her own. Historians in the 17th and 18th centuries uncritically repeated Camden's information wholesale, and in the 19th century the self-styled historian Agnes Strickland used Camden to paint the rosiest of all pictures of Eleanor. None of these writers, however, used contemporary chronicles or records to provide accurate information about Eleanor's life.
      Such documents became widely available in the late 19th century, but even when historians began to cite them to suggest Eleanor was not the perfect queen Strickland praised, many rejected the correction, often expressing indignant disbelief that anything negative was said about Eleanor. Only in recent decades have historians studied queenship in its own right and regarded medieval queens as worthy of attention. These decades produced a sizeable body of historical work that allows Eleanor's life to be scrutinized in the terms of her own day, not those of the 17th or 19th centuries.
      The evolution of her reputation is a case study in the maxim that each age creates its own history. If Eleanor of Castile can no longer be seen as a paradigm of queenly virtues, her career can now be examined as the achievement of an intelligent and determined woman who was able to meet the challenges of an exceptionally demanding life.
      Issue of Queen Eleanor and King Edward I:
      1.Daughter, stillborn in May 1255 in Bordeaux, France.
      2.Katherine, (before 17 June 1264 – 5 September 1264) and buried at Westminster Abbey.
      3.Joan, born January 1265, buried at Westminster Abbey before 7 September 1265.
      4.John, (13 July 1266 – 3 August 1271) at Wallingford, in the custody of his granduncle, Richard, Earl of Cornwall. Buried at Westminster Abbey.
      5.Henry of England, (before 6 May 1268 – 16 October 1274).
      6.Eleanor, (18 June 1269 – 29 August 1298). Buried 12 October 1298. She was long betrothed to Alfonso III of Aragon, who died in 1291 before the marriage could take place, and in 1293 she married Count Henry III of Bar, by whom she had one son and two daughters.
      7.Daughter, (28 May 1271 Palestine – 5 September 1271). Some sources call her Juliana, but there is no contemporary evidence for her name.
      8.Joan of Acre (April 1272 – 7 April 1307). She married (1) in 1290 Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford, who died in 1295, and (2)in 1297 Ralph de Monthermer, 1st Baron Monthermer. She had four children by each marriage.
      9.Alphonso, Earl of Chester, born 24 November 1273, died 19 August 1284, buried in Westminster Abbey. He is sometimes accorded the title "Earl of Chester" by modern popular writers, but there is no contemporary evidence that that title, or any other, was ever conferred upon him.
      10.Margaret Plantagenet, (15 March 1275 – after 1333). In 1290 she married John II of Brabant, who died in 1318. They had one son.
      11.Berengaria, (1 May 1276 – before 27 June 1278), buried in Westminster Abbey.
      12.Daughter, died shortly after birth at Westminster, on or about 3 January 1278. There is no contemporary evidence for her name.
      13.Mary of Woodstock, (11 March 1279 – 29 May 1332), a Benedictine nun in Amesbury, Wiltshire (England), where she was probably buried.
      14.A son, born in 1280 or 1281 who died very shortly after birth. There is no contemporary evidence for his name.
      15.Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, (7 August 1282 – 5 May 1316). She married (1) in 1297 John I, Count of Holland, (2) in 1302 Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford & 3rd Earl of Essex. The first marriage was childless; by Bohun, Elizabeth had ten children.
      16.Edward II of England, also known as Edward of Caernarvon, (25 April 1284 – 21 September 1327). In 1308 he married Isabella of France.
      Eleanor as a mother:
      It has been suggested that Eleanor and Edward were more devoted to each other than to their children. As king and queen, however, it was impossible for them to spend much time in one place, and when they were very young, the children could not travel constantly with their parents. The children had a household staffed with attendants carefully chosen for competence and loyalty, with whom the parents corresponded regularly. The children lived in this comfortable establishment until they were about seven years old; then they began to accompany their parents for important occasions, and by their teens they were with the king and queen much of the time. In 1290, Eleanor sent one of her scribes to join this household, presumably to share in her children's education, and in 1306 Edward sharply scolded the woman in charge of his children because she had not kept him informed of their health.
      Two incidents cited to imply Eleanor's lack of interest in her children are easily explained in the contexts of royal childrearing in general, and of particular events surrounding Edward and Eleanor's family. When their six-year-old son Henry lay dying at Guildford in 1274, neither parent made the short journey from London to see him; but he was tended by Edward's mother Eleanor of Provence, who had raised the boy during the four years his parents were on Crusade. The grandmother was thus at that moment more familiar to him than his parents, and the better able to comfort him in his illness. Since Henry was always sickly, the gravity of his illness was perhaps not realised until it was too late for his parents to reach him. Similarly, Edward and Eleanor allowed her mother, Joan of Dammartin, to raise their daughter Joan in Ponthieu (1274–78). This implies no parental lack of interest in the girl; the practice of fostering noble children in other households of sufficient dignity was not unknown and Eleanor's mother was, of course, dowager queen of Castile. Her household was thus safe and dignified, but it does appear that Edward and Eleanor had cause to regret their generosity in allowing Joan of Dammartin to foster young Joan. When the girl reached England in 1278, aged six, it turned out that she had been badly spoiled. She was spirited and often defiant throughout childhood, and in adulthood remained a handful for Edward, defying his plans for a prestigious second marriage for her by secretly marrying one of her late first husband's squires. When the marriage had to be revealed because Joan was pregnant, Edward was infuriated that his dignity had been insulted by her marriage to a commoner of no importance. Joan, at twenty-five, reportedly defended her conduct to her redoubtable father by saying that nobody saw anything wrong if a great earl married a poor woman, so there could be nothing wrong with a countess marrying a promising young man. Whether or not her retort ultimately changed his mind, Edward restored to Joan all the lands he had confiscated when he learned of her secret marriage, and accepted her new husband as a son-in-law in good standing. Joan marked her restoration to favour by having masses celebrated for the soul of her mother, Queen Eleanor.
      --------------------
      http://www.ourfamilyhistories.org/getperson.php?personID=I192434&tree=00

      http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=10962820

      Name

      Eleanora De Castile, queen of England


      Suffix

      queen of England


      Born

      1240

      of Burgos, Castile, Spain [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]


      Gender

      Female

      Name

      De Castile

      Name

      Eleanor Of Castile


      Died

      29 Nov 1290

      Herdeby near Grantham, Lincolnshire, England [4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13]


      Buried

      16 Dec 1290

      Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England


      Age

      50 years


      Father

      Saint Ferdinand III De Castile, king of Castile and León, b. 1199, Castile, Spain , d. 30 May 1252, Seville, Sevilla, Spain – Age: 53 years


      Mother

      Johanna De Dammartin, countess de Ponthieu, b. 1216, Abbeville, Picardy, Ponthieu, France , d. 15 Mar 1278-1279, Abbeville, Picardy, Ponthieu, France – Age: 63 years


      Married

      1237

      Burgos, Castile, Spain


      Family

      Edward I "Longshanks" Plantagenet, king of England, b. 16 Jun 1239, Westminster Palace, Westminster, London, Middlesex, England , d. 7 Jul 1307, Burgh-On-The-Sands, near Carlisle, Cumberland, England – Age: 68 years


      Married

      18 Oct 1254

      Las Huelgas Monastery, Burgos, Burgos, Spain [4, 7, 8, 9, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17]


      ◦Henry III ran afoul of his barons (again) when he requested a large amount of money to aid him in putting down Gaston de Béarn's 2nd rebellion in Gascony, saying that de Béarn's ally St. Ferdinand III King of Castile was going to invade Gascony, but just as he said this, Simon de Montfort returned to England & told the barons that Henry was actually negotiating with the St. Ferdinand III to marry his daughter Eleanor to Henry's son Crown Prince Edward "Longshanks" (de Montfort's commetns were true).


      Sealed S (LDS)

      15 May 1933

      SLAKE - Salt Lake


      Children


      1. Joan "of Acre" Plantagenet, princess of England, countess of Gloucester, b. 1272, Acre, Akko, Hazafon, Israel , d. 23 Apr 1307, Clare, Suffolk, England – Age: 35 years


      Last Modified

      17 Aug 2010


      Born - 1240 - of Burgos, Castile, Spain

      Married - 18 Oct 1254 - Las Huelgas Monastery, Burgos, Burgos, Spain


      Child - Joan "of Acre" Plantagenet, princess of England, countess of Gloucester - 1272 - Acre, Akko, Hazafon, Israel

      Died - 29 Nov 1290 - Herdeby near Grantham, Lincolnshire, England

      Buried - 16 Dec 1290 - Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England

      Sealed S (LDS) - 15 May 1933 - SLAKE - Salt Lake

      Notes

      ◦Fled To France In Immediate Aftermath Of Lewes With Daughter Eleanor.
      Queen Of England, .
      !#EWH Langer, 211;


      Sources

      1.[S2401] Jerusalem Kings.

      2.[S1659] Human Family Project, Mary Slawson, Chair, (Copyright January 2006).

      3.[S1534] Joseph Smith, Sr. & Lucy Mack Foundation, Mike Kennedy, ((http://www.josephsmithsr.com : 31 Oct 2008)).

      4.[S1282] Some Royal Descents of President Washington.

      5.[S2498] Another Royal Descent of President Washington from Edward I, King of England.

      6.[S2506] Descent of President Lincoln from Edward I, King of England.

      7.[S1208] University of Hull Royal Database England, Brian Tompsett, Dept of Computer Science, (copyright 1996 , , Repository: WWW, University of Hull, Hull, UK HU6 7RX bct@tardis.ed.ac.uk usually reliable but sometimes includes hypothetical lines, mythological figures, etc).

      8.[S1199] Mann Database, Ed Mann, (Repository: edmann@commnections.com Contributor on soc.genealogy.medieval).

      9.[S1201] Ahnentafel for Margery Arundell, Marlyn Lewis, (08 Oct 1997 ,).

      10.[S1266] The Ancestry of Dorothea Poyntz, Ronny O. Bodine.

      11.[S1262] The Reckoning, Sharon Kay Penman, (Ballantine Books, New York, 1991 ,).

      12.[S1266] The Ancestry of Dorothea Poyntz, Ronny O. Bodine, p 107 (Reliability: 0).

      13.[S1200] Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America bef 1760, Frederick Lewis Weis, (7th ed Genealogical Publishing, Baltimore 1992 , , Repository: J.H. Garner Same ref source as earlier ed, "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists who Came to New England 1623-1650" ed 1-6 good to very good).

      14.[S1224] Plantagenet Ancestry of 17th Century Colonists, David Faris, (Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, 1996 , , Repository: J.H. Garner good to very good), 1st ed, p. 274, "Washington" (Reliability: 0).

      15.[S1224] Plantagenet Ancestry of 17th Century Colonists, David Faris, (Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, 1996 , , Repository: J.H. Garner good to very good), 1st ed, p 233, "Pole" (Reliability: 0).

      16.[S1224] Plantagenet Ancestry of 17th Century Colonists, David Faris, (Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, 1996 , , Repository: J.H. Garner good to very good), 1st ed, p 98-99 "Elsing" (Reliability: 0).

      17.[S1200] Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America bef 1760, Frederick Lewis Weis, (7th ed Genealogical Publishing, Baltimore 1992 , , Repository: J.H. Garner Same ref source as earlier ed, "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists who Came to New England 1623-1650" ed 1-6 good to very good), line 1 pp 1-4 (Reliability: 0).

      ==Links:==
      *[http://thepeerage.com/p10191.htm#i101904 The Peerage]
      *[http://www.geneall.net/H/per_page.php?id=330 Geneall]
      *[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=8327744 Find a grave]
      *[http://www.genealogy4u.com/genealogy/getperson.php?personID=I576&tree=western2007 Genealogi4u]
      *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleanor_of_Castile Wikipedia]

      --------------------
      Eleanor of Castile (1241 – 28 November 1290) was the first queen consort of Edward I of England. She was also Countess of Ponthieu in her own right from 1279 until her death in 1290, succeeding her mother and ruling together with her husband.
      Eleanor was born in Castile, now Spain, daughter of Ferdinand III of Castile and Joan, Countess of Ponthieu. Her Castilian name, Leonor, became Alienor or Alianor in England, and Eleanor in modern English. She was named after her great-grandmother, Eleanor of England.
      Eleanor was the second of five children born to Ferdinand and Joan. Her elder brother Ferdinand was born in 1239/40, her younger brother Louis in 1242/43; two sons born after Louis died young. For the ceremonies in 1291 marking the first anniversary of Eleanor's death, 49 candlebearers were paid to walk in the public procession to commemorate each year of her life. This would date her birth to the year 1241. Since her parents were apart from each other for 13 months while King Ferdinand conducted a military campaign in Andalusia from which he returned to the north of Spain only in February 1241, Eleanor was probably born toward the end of that year. Both the court of her father and her half-brother Alfonso X of Castile were known for its literary atmosphere. Growing up in such an environment probably influenced her later literary activities as queen. She was said to have been at her father's deathbed in Seville in 1252.
      Prospective bride to Theobald II of Navarre:
      Eleanor's marriage in 1254 to the future Edward I of England was not the first marriage her family planned for her. The kings of Castile had long made the flimsy claim to be paramount lords of the Kingdom of Navarre in the Pyrenees, and from 1250 Ferdinand III and his heir, Eleanor's half-brother Alfonso X of Castile, hoped she would marry Theobald II of Navarre. To avoid Castilian control, Margaret of Bourbon (mother to Theobald II) in 1252 allied with James I of Aragon instead, and as part of that treaty solemnly promised that Theobald would never marry Eleanor.
      Marriage:
      Then, in 1252, Alfonso X resurrected another flimsy ancestral claim, this time to the duchy of Gascony, in the south of Aquitaine, last possession of the Kings of England in France. Henry III of England swiftly countered Alfonso's claims with both diplomatic and military moves. Early in 1254 the two kings began to negotiate; after haggling over the financial provision for Eleanor, Henry and Alfonso agreed she would marry Henry's son Edward, and Alfonso would transfer his Gascon claims to Edward. Henry was so anxious for the marriage to take place that he willingly abandoned elaborate preparations already made for Edward's knighting in England, and agreed that Alfonso would knight Edward before the wedding took place.
      The young couple married at the monastery of Las Huelgas, Burgos on 1 November 1254. Edward and Eleanor were second cousins once removed, as Eleanor's great-grandmother Eleanor of England was a daughter of King Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Henry III took pride in resolving the Gascon crisis so decisively, but his English subjects feared that the marriage would bring Eleanor's kinfolk and countrymen to live off Henry's ruinous generosity. Several of her relatives did come to England soon after her marriage. She was too young to stop them or prevent Henry III from paying for them, but she was blamed anyway and her marriage was unpopular. Interestingly enough, Eleanor's mother had been spurned in marriage by Henry III and her great-grandmother, Alys, Countess of the Vexin, had been spurned in marriage by Richard I. However, the presence of more English, Frank and Norman soldiers of fortune and opportunists in the recently reconquered Seville and Cordoba Moorish Kingdoms would be increased, thanks to this alliance between royal houses, until the advent of the later Hundred Years War when it would be symptomatic of extended hostilities between the French and the English for peninsular support.
      Second Barons' War:
      There is little record of Eleanor's life in England until the 1260s, when the Second Barons' War, between Henry III and his barons, divided the kingdom. During this time Eleanor actively supported Edward's interests, importing archers from her mother's county of Ponthieu in France. It is untrue, however, that she was sent to France to escape danger during the war; she was in England throughout the struggle. Rumours that she was seeking fresh troops from Castile led the baronial leader, Simon de Montfort, to order her removal from Windsor Castle in June 1264 after the royalist army had been defeated at the Battle of Lewes. Edward was captured at Lewes and imprisoned, and Eleanor was honourably confined at Westminster Palace. After Edward and Henry's army defeated the baronial army at the Battle of Evesham in 1265, Edward took a major role in reforming the government and Eleanor rose to prominence at his side. Her position was greatly improved in July 1266 when, after she had borne three short-lived daughters, she finally gave birth to a son, John, who was followed by a second, Henry, in the spring of 1268, and in 1269 by a healthy daughter, Eleanor.
      Crusade:
      By 1270, the kingdom was pacified and Edward and Eleanor left to join his uncle Louis IX of France on the Eighth Crusade. Louis died at Carthage before they arrived, however, and after they spent the winter in Sicily, the couple went on to Acre in Palestine, where they arrived in May 1271. Eleanor gave birth to a daughter, known as "Joanna of Acre" for her birthplace.
      The crusade was militarily unsuccessful, but Baibars of the Bahri dynasty was worried enough by Edward's presence at Acre that an assassination attempt was made on the English heir in June 1272. He was wounded in the arm by a dagger that was thought to be poisoned. The wound soon became seriously inflamed, and an English surgeon saved him by cutting away the diseased flesh, but only after Eleanor was led from his bed, "weeping and wailing." Later storytellers embellished this incident, claiming Eleanor sucked poison from the wound, but this fanciful tale has no foundation.
      They left Palestine in September 1272 and in Sicily that December they learned of Henry III's death (on 16 November 1272). Edward and Eleanor returned to England and were crowned together on 19 August 1274.
      Queen consort of England:
      Arranged royal marriages in the Middle Ages were not always happy, but available evidence indicates that Eleanor and Edward were devoted to each other. Edward is among the few medieval English kings not known to have conducted extramarital affairs or fathered children out of wedlock. The couple were rarely apart; she accompanied him on military campaigns in Wales, famously giving birth to their son Edward on 25 April 1284 in a temporary dwelling erected for her amid the construction of Caernarfon Castle.
      Their household records witness incidents that imply a comfortable, even humorous, relationship. Each year on Easter Monday, Edward let Eleanor's ladies trap him in his bed and paid them a token ransom so he could go to her bedroom on the first day after Lent; so important was this custom to him that in 1291, on the first Easter Monday after Eleanor's death, he gave her ladies the money he would have given them had she been alive. Edward disliked ceremonies and in 1290 refused to attend the marriage of Earl Marshal Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk; Eleanor thoughtfully (or resignedly) paid minstrels to play for him while he sat alone during the wedding.
      That Edward remained single until he wed Marguerite of France in 1299 is often cited to prove he cherished Eleanor's memory. In fact he considered a second marriage as early as 1293, but this does not mean he did not mourn Eleanor. Eloquent testimony is found in his letter to the abbot of Cluny in France (January 1291), seeking prayers for the soul of the wife "whom living we dearly cherished, and whom dead we cannot cease to love." In her memory, Edward ordered the construction of twelve elaborate stone crosses (of which three survive, almost intact) between 1291 and 1294, marking the route of her funeral procession between Lincoln and London.
      However, only one of Eleanor's four sons survived childhood and, even before she died, Edward worried over the succession: if that son died, their daughters' husbands might cause a succession war. Despite personal grief, Edward faced his duty and married again. He delighted in the sons his new wife bore, but attended memorial services for Eleanor to the end of his life, Marguerite at his side on at least one occasion.
      Popularity:
      Eleanor is warmly remembered by history as the queen who inspired the Eleanor crosses, but she was not so loved in her own time. The English saw her as a greedy foreigner. Walter of Guisborough preserves a contemporary poem:
      "The king desires to get our gold/the queen, our manors fair to hold."
      John Peckham, Archbishop of Canterbury warned Eleanor that her activities in the land market caused outcry, gossip, rumour and scandal across the realm. Her often aggressive acquisition of lands was an unusual degree of economic activity for any medieval noblewoman, let alone a queen: between 1274 and 1290 she acquired estates worth above £2500 yearly. In fact, Edward himself initiated this process and his ministers helped her. He wanted the queen to hold lands sufficient for her financial needs without drawing on funds needed for government. One of his methods to help Eleanor acquire land was to give her debts Christian landlords owed Jewish moneylenders; she foreclosed on lands pledged for the debts. The debtors were often glad to rid themselves of the debts and also profited from the favour Eleanor showed them afterwards. But her reputation in England was further blighted by association with the highly unpopular moneylenders.
      Peckham also warned of complaints against her officials' demands upon her tenants. On her deathbed, Eleanor asked Edward to name justices to examine her officials' actions and make reparations. The surviving proceedings from this inquest do reveal a pattern of ruthless exactions, often without the queen's knowledge. She righted such wrongs when she heard of them, but not often enough to prevent a third warning from Peckham that many in England thought she urged Edward to rule harshly. In fact Edward allowed her little political influence, but her officials' demands were ascribed to her imagined personal severity, which was used to explain the king's administrative strictness. In other words, the queen was made to wear the king's unpopular mask. It was always safer to blame a foreign-born queen than to criticise a king, and easier to believe he was misled by a meddling wife. Eleanor was neither the first queen nor the last to be blamed for a king's actions, but in her case the unsavory conduct of her own administration made it even easier to shift such blame to her.
      Limited political influence:
      Contemporary evidence shows clearly that Eleanor had no impact on the political history of Edward's reign. Even in diplomatic matters her role was minor, though Edward did heed her advice on the age at which their daughters could marry foreign rulers. Otherwise she merely bestowed gifts on visiting princes or envoys. Edward always honoured his obligations to Alfonso X, but even when Alfonso's need was desperate in the early 1280s, Edward did not send English knights to Castile; he sent only knights from Gascony, which was closer to Castile. In England, Eleanor did mediate disputes of a minor nature between Edward's subjects, but only with Edward's consent and only with the help of ranking members of his council. Edward was prepared to resist her demands, or to stop her, if he felt she was going too far in any of her activities, and expected his ministers to do likewise.
      If she was allowed no effecti
    • Eleanor of Castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=d2d863f0-ad7c-4e3b-a029-aac68453214d&tid=6959821&pid=-1169288151
    • Eleanor of Castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=aeabdee2-f76e-4b89-8d04-a5ed42ce1afb&tid=10145763&pid=-672474667
    • Eleanor of Castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=aeabdee2-f76e-4b89-8d04-a5ed42ce1afb&tid=10145763&pid=-672474667
    • _P_CCINFO 1-7369
    • Died yound
    • !NAME:
      Alianor aka Eleanor
    • ES 11:84;PED OF AUGUSTINE H. AYERS
    • !NAME:
      Alianor aka Eleanor
    • !NAME:
      Alianor aka Eleanor
    • Died yound
    • Source:
      Stuart Roderick, W.
      Royalty for Commoners, 3rd Edit. Published, Genealogical Publishing Co, Inc. Baltomore, MD. 1998,
      ISBN-0-8063-1561-X Text 324-40
      Source II
      Alison Weir, Britains Royal Family A Complete Genealogy 1999, ppg 41-44
    • Lineage Sources:
      Early Genealogical Hist. of House of Arundel, being an account of
      the origin of the Families of Montgomery, Albini, Fitzzalan andHoward,
      pp. 1-64, by John Pym Yeatman.
      History and Pedigree of House of Montgomery, by Thomas Harrison
      Montgomery, pp. 1-11, 12, 13, 20, 22, 26, 33, 35/36, 37, 38
    • Eleanor of Castile http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=76145ec6-6a12-4172-9b10-4967c2d9a69d&tid=6870384&pid=-1088319265
    • 1 UID 39923874CD980242A2191724CD6FEDF231E6
    • eleanor-castille
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=9a65b6dd-8f85-44ac-b837-4bbd04b3f0df&tid=9784512&pid=-603653228
    • Eleanor of Castille 1241_1290
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=dc37f254-9d5e-4b15-83bd-3b0e46a3ddcd&tid=9784512&pid=-603653228
    • Eleanor of Castille 1241_1290 Tomb
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=c93ceb36-99a9-48ae-8b36-847dd711dd9e&tid=9784512&pid=-603653228
    • Eleanor of Castille
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=a35496cc-52e0-4f14-b64f-4f59a2aacd92&tid=9784512&pid=-603653228
    • eleanor-castille
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=af878a1a-dce2-4842-9be5-0d90684db9ca&tid=9784512&pid=-575182277
    • _P_CCINFO 1-20792
    • Eleanor of Castille
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=ca7ab260-ac6e-458a-96ff-a29e29f2d5c3&tid=6959821&pid=-1169288151
    • Eleanor of Castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=d2d863f0-ad7c-4e3b-a029-aac68453214d&tid=6959821&pid=-1169288151
    • Eleanor of Castille
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=ca7ab260-ac6e-458a-96ff-a29e29f2d5c3&tid=6959821&pid=-1169288151
    • Marguerite of France
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=1061ef4c-e59f-4b5b-a7fd-f0192ef845fd&tid=822673&pid=-1385066399
    • Eleanor of Castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=77d65ab5-ab16-4a14-be97-fdb2b4f403f4&tid=822673&pid=-1385072611
    • eleanor-castille
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=2f91b743-6f93-4dbb-92db-ada86cbf0b15&tid=822673&pid=-1385072611
    • [FAVthomas.FTW]


      1. Thomas of Brotherton
      2. Edmund of Woodstock
      3. Eleanor
    • "OF CASTILE"

      ALSO LISTED AS "LEONOR"
    • DIED IN INFANCY
    • Eleanor_of_castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=6b5c5e6d-aa94-45a4-a0a5-3665dd105a84&tid=10320707&pid=-602749532
    • EleanorofCastile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=67575d7a-cd8b-4f74-9d0d-7df39cdad53c&tid=10320707&pid=-602749532
    • Eleanor Castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=2facecac-cb49-4552-84d0-88f68133e408&tid=10320707&pid=-602749532
    • Eleanor_of_castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=4fbcacb7-aae0-4f0a-befa-8e15e5eae4a3&tid=10320707&pid=-602749532
    • 250px-EleanorofCastile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=7b36b8be-dc04-4a74-b275-f447d0ddfcab&tid=10320707&pid=-602749532
    • She accompanied Edward to the Crusade and is said to have saved his life by sucking poison from a wound. The route of her cortege from Grantham to London was marked at the stopping places by Eleanor Crosses, erected by Edward; the last at Charing Cross. Her heart was buried at Blackfriars. {Burke�s Peerage and Chamber�s Biographical Dictionary} [GADD.GED]

      At her death in 1290 Edward I ordered 122 crosses to be erected at each of the 12 places where her body rested for the night before her burial. There are only three left at Geddington, Banbury and Charing. [THELMA.GED]

    • 1. Eleanor of Castile, queen consort of England (1272-90), daughter of Ferdinand, III, king of Castile and Le
    • !NAME:
      Alianor aka Eleanor
    • Eleanor of Castile #483
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=0709c56b-a77a-4abb-8c50-0af76b6a104c&tid=10320707&pid=-602749532
    • Eleanor de Castille
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=8a4a9270-8c5e-454b-803d-28832dfffaa4&tid=10320707&pid=-602749532
    • 2425725273
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=922486e9-82ba-4181-b641-11518b4143d3&tid=822673&pid=-1385072611
    • [FAVthomas.FTW]

      Her body was buried @ Westminster Abbey, but her heart was buried inBlackfriar's Church, London (KQE; Westminster Abbey: Official Guide, pg.37). She was much loved by her subjects, and for more than 300 years, waxcandles burned around her tomb @ Westminster Abbey. She and Edward spenttheir wedding days at Leeds Castle.
      Spanish Leonor De Castilla, queen consort of King Edward I of England(ruled 1272/1307). Her devotion to Edward helped bring out his betterqualities; after her death, his rule became somewhat
      arbitrary. Eleanor was the daughter of King Ferdinand III de Castile andhis wife, Joan of Ponthieu.
      In 1254 Eleanor was married to Lord Edward, son of England's KingHenry III. In honour of the event, her half brother, Alfonso X deCastile, transferred to Edward his claims to Gascony. When Henry
      III's baronial opponents seized power in England in 1264, Eleanor wassent for safety to France; she returned in October 1265, after Edward hadcrushed the rebels.
      Eleanor accompanied Edward on a crusade from 1270 to 1273. The storythat she saved his life at Acre (now in Israel) by sucking poison from adagger wound is evidently apocryphal. After Edward ascended the throne,Eleanor was criticized for allegedly mistreating the tenants on herlands. Upon her death, Edward erected the famous Eleanor Crosses—severalof which still stand at each place where her coffin rested on its way toLondon.

      To cite this page: "Eleanor" Encyclopædia Britannica
      <http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=32818&tocid=0&query=%22eleanor%20of%20castile%22>
    • 250px-EleanorofCastile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=ee5d3200-badf-4c39-8b8d-acc14e8ef833&tid=822673&pid=-1385072611
    • was born 1244 in Castile, Spain. She died 24 Nov 1290 in Herdeby, Near Grantham, Lincolnshire and was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, England. Eleanor married Edward I (LONGSHANKS) King of England on 18 Oct 1254 in Abbey of Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile.
    • eleanor-castille
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=fea6ed9d-9f48-4294-9585-3a8ab510aabb&tid=10844759&pid=-554332358
    • eleanor-castille
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=ea4a474b-e073-4da0-9813-d0093ee78c3e&tid=10771688&pid=-518432441
    • Eleanor of Castille
      h t t p : / / t r e e s . a n c e s t r y . c o m / r d ? f = i m a g e&guid=658f5df4-04e4-4333-a9bb-b6d082c999a1&tid=312040&pid=-2037635147
    • Eleanor of Castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=6cbdbf8f-f4e1-45af-9027-c3f4d9857aec&tid=261097&pid=-1988625151


    • ELEANOR OF CASTILE (1244?-90), queen consort of England (1272-90), daughter of Ferdinand III, king of Castile and León. In 1254 she married Prince Edward, later Edward I of England, the eldest son of King Henry III. In 1270 she accompanied Edward on the Seventh Crusade. During their absence from England, Henry III died (1272), and Edward succeeded to the throne. Two years later, following their return from the Middle East, Edward and Eleanor were crowned king and queen of England.

      ______________________________________________________________________ ___

      b. 1246
      d. Nov. 28, 1290, Harby, Nottinghamshire, Eng.
      Spanish LEONOR DE CASTILLA queen consort of King Edward I of England (ruled 1272-1307). Her devotion to Edward helped bring out his better qualities; after her death, his rule became somewhat arbitrary. Eleanor was the daughter of King Ferdinand III of Castile and his wife, Joan of Ponthieu.
      In 1254 Eleanor was married to Lord Edward, son of England's King Henry III. In honour of the event, her half brother, Alfonso X of Castile, transferred to Edward his claims to Gascony. When Henry III's baronial opponents seized power in England in 1264, Eleanor was sent for safety to France; she returned in October 1265, after Edward had crushed the rebels.

      Eleanor accompanied Edward on a crusade from 1270 to 1273. The story that she saved his life at Acre (now in Israel) by sucking poison from a dagger wound is evidently apocryphal. After Edward ascended the throne, Eleanor was criticized for allegedly mistreating the tenants on her lands. Upon her death, Edward erected the famous Eleanor Crosses--several of which still stand--at each place where her coffin rested on its way to London
    • Edward_Eleanor
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=cf9d6937-1e35-4975-bb98-896400866d23&tid=9784512&pid=-642282464
    • elanor_of_castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=25777e89-d227-4243-973a-9fc1a2ec52ac&tid=9784512&pid=-642282464
    • The Northampton Cross
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=32950a2a-c2fe-44ac-a545-8fe811331eec&tid=9784512&pid=-603653228
    • _P_CCINFO 1-887
    • Eleanor of Castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=711727eb-f69c-4bdd-bce5-c80c432c770c&tid=9784512&pid=-642275376
    • Eleanor was only about ten years old when married to the fifteen-year-old Edward of Westminster at Las Huelgas in 1254. Such child marriages were commonplace in Europe in the Middle Ages and the brides were usually consigned to their husbands' families to complete their education. The marriages were not consummated until the bride reached a suitable age (usually fourteen or fifteen) and in Eleanor's case it seems to have been eighteen or nineteen as the first of her fifteen children was born when she was twenty. Through her mother, an heiress, she brought Ponthieu and Montreuil to her husband's dominions.
      Edward and Eleanor were to remain inseparable throughout their married life. In 1270 she accompanied him on a crusade, in the course of which she is said to have sucked the poison from Edward's wounded arm after an assassination attempt with a poisoned dagger. Eleanor's fifth and sixth children were born in the Holy Land, the younger being Joan of Acre (so called from his birthplace). Joan's second marriage, years later, to the squire of her first husband was to so anger her father that in a fit of rage he threw his crown on the fire and the bill for its repair ('when the King's grace was pleased to throw the coronet upon the fire') is still extant.
      In 1290 news of the death of Margaret of Scotland, "The Maid of Norway", sent Edward hastening north, leaving the Queen, who had but recently given birth to her fifteenth child (an infant which did not survive), to follow at a more leisurely pace. She had reached Lincolnshire when she fell ill with a fever and was lodged at Herdeby, near Grantham, in the house of one Master Weston. She grew worse and messengers were sent to recall the King, but before he arrived Eleanor had died. Edward's grief was expressed by the erection of Eleanor Crosses at each place where the Queen's body rested overnight on its journey to London. Twelve of these once existed, but only those of Geddington, Hardingstone and Waltham survive of the originals. Elsewhere replicas have been built, notably at Banbury and at Charing Cross, the last place where the cortege halted on its sad progress to Westminster. Eleanor lies at the feet of her father-in-law Henry III and her effigy manages to convey something of the serenity and beauty which so captivated a king.
    • Eleanor of Castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=2b11aa1d-3689-4f40-948a-0dccf5a23b72&tid=2456826&pid=78673077
    • Eleanor of Castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=155c31a5-4259-4edd-9acb-c7a3cffd5384&tid=2456826&pid=78673077
    • eleanor castille 1244
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=6035b6ac-59a1-4a18-a3f3-e63814c21407&tid=2456826&pid=78673077
    • Eleanor of Castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=0fb2cbae-8e05-4977-ad4a-f95230987714&tid=2456826&pid=78673077
    • First wife of Edward I King of England, Queen of England, Princess of
      Castille.
    • Eleanor of Castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=6cbdbf8f-f4e1-45af-9027-c3f4d9857aec&tid=261097&pid=-1988625151
    • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleanor_of_Castile
    • GIVN Eleanor, Princess Of
      SURN Castille
      NSFX [Queen Of Englan
      AFN 8XJ8-HJ
      _PRIMARY Y
      DATE 9 SEP 2000
      TIME 13:15:22
    • GIVN Eleanor, Princess Of
      SURN Castille
      NSFX [Queen Of Englan
      AFN 8XJ8-HJ
      _PRIMARY Y
      DATE 9 SEP 2000
      TIME 13:15:22
    • (Research):Eleanor Of Castile Encyclopædia Britannica Article born 1246 died Nov. 28, 1290, Harby, Nottinghamshire, Eng. Eleanor of Castile, detail of an electrotype from an effigy in Westminster Abbey; in the National ¼ By courtesy of the National Portrait Gallery, London Spanish Leonor De Castilla queen consort of King Edward I of England (ruled 1272-1307). Her devotion to Edward helped bring out his better qualities; after her death, his rule became somewhat arbitrary. Eleanor was the daughter of King Ferdinand III of Castile and his wife, Joan of Ponthieu. In 1254 Eleanor was married to Lord Edward, son of England's King Henry III. In honour of the event, her half brother, Alfonso X of Castile, transferred to Edward his claims to Gascony. When Henry III's baronial opponents seized power in England in 1264, Eleanor was sent for safety to France; she returned in October 1265, after Edward had crushed the rebels. Eleanor accompanied Edward on a crusade from 1270 to 1273. The story that she saved his life at Acre (now in Israel) by sucking poison from a dagger wound is evidently apocryphal. After Edward ascended the throne, Eleanor was criticized for allegedly mistreating the tenants on her lands. Upon her death, Edward erected the famous Eleanor Crosses_several of which still stand_at each place where her coffin rested on its way to London. =====================================================
    • Complete Peerage II, p. 59, note b

      Source #2: T. Anna Leese, "Blood Royal: Issue of the Kings and Queens of Medieval England, 1066-1399: The Normans and Plantagenets" (Heritage Books, Inc, 1996) - the grief-stricken Edward I ordered the erection of a memorial cross in each of the twelve towns where her body rested on its return to London [the final one at Charing Cross]

      Source #3: Frederick Lewis Weis, "Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700" - Seventh Edition, with additions and corrections by Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr., assisted by Davis Faris (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co, 1995), pp. 3; 102

      Source #4: Douglas Richardson, "Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families" (Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), pp. 201-203
    • Invalid baptism temple code: ARIZ0.
    • Name Suffix: Princess Of France, Queen Of England

      This page is just astart. Not all information has bee varified.
    • Name Prefix: Princess Name Suffix: Of Castile & Queen Of England
    • NOTES: Eleanor was only about ten years old when married to the 15 year old Edward of Westminster at Las Huelgas in 1254. Such child marriages were commonplace in Europe in the Middle Ages and the brides were usually consigned to their husbands' families to complete ther education. The marriages were not consummated until the bride reached a suitable age (usually 14 or 15) and in Eleanor's case it seems to have been 18 or 19.
    • **NOTES**


      Eleanor of Castile (1244?-90), queen consort of England (1272-90), daughter of Ferdinand III, king of Castile and Leon. In 1254 she married Prince Edward, later Edward I of England, the eldest son of King Henry III. In 1270 she accompanied Edward on the Seventh Crusade. During their absence from England, Henry III died (1272), and Edward succeeded to the throne. Two years later, following their return from the Middle East, Edward and Eleanor were crowned king and queen of England.

      "Eleanor of Castile," Microsoft (R) Encarta. Copyright (c) 1993 Microsoft Corporation. Copyright (c) 1993 Funk & Wagnall's Corporation
    • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleanor_of_Castile
    • Line 16795 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long:
      BIRT DATE ca 1254

      Line 16798 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long:
      DEAT DATE ca 1290
    • Eleanor of Castile, wife of Edward I of England.

      Ancestral Roots of Sixty Colonists Who Came to New England between 1623 and 1650, Sixth Edition by Frederick Lewis Weis Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore 1988 line 110-30; Plantagenet Ancestry of King Edward III and Queen Philippa by George Andrew Moriarty Mormon Pioneer Genealogical Society SLC 1985 pp 109; The Plantagent Ancestry by W.H.Turton DSO Genealogical Publishing Co. Baltimore 1984 pp 4; Royal Ancestors of Some American Families by Michel Call SLC 1989 chart

      Descents From Antiquity; The Augustan Society Torrance Ca 1986 chart W; Some research sources from Paula Evans 1992;

      She was crowned with her husband on 19 Aug 1274

      Her husband, the King, so grieved for her that he had stone crosses erected at the twelve towns where her body rested on the return to London. They were called Eleanor Crosses. The last one was raised at Charing Cross, which took its name from the Cross of the Cher Reine, or Dear Queen.
    • Eleanor of Castile , d.1290, queen consort of Edward I of England and daughter of Ferdinand III of Castile. At her marriage (1254) she brought to Prince Edward the territories of Ponthieu and Montreuil and claims to Gascony. She went with Edward on the crusade of 1270?72 to the Holy Land, where she supposedly saved his life after he had been wounded. On their return they were both crowned (1274), Henry III having died in 1272. After her death Edward had crosses erected to mark the stages of her funeral procession from Nottinghamshire to London. Of the 12 so-called Eleanor Crosses?at Lincoln, Grantham, Stamford, Geddington, Northampton, Stony Stratford, Woburn, Dunstable, St. Albans, Waltham, Westcheap, and Charing?those at Geddington, Northampton, and Waltham are extant, though partially restored.
    • [s2.FTW]

      Had 15 children: Eleanor, Joan, John, Henry, Julian (Katherine), Joan of Acre, Alfonso (Earl of Chester), Margaret, Berengaria, Mary, Alice, Elizabeth, Edward II (King of England), Beatrice and Blanche.

      Eleanor was only about ten years old when married to the 15-year-old Edward of Westminster at Las Huelgas in 1254. Such child marriages were commonplace , and the brides were usually consigned to their husbands' families to complete their education. The marriages were not consummated until the bride reached a suitable age; in Eleanor's case, this seems to have been 18 or 19. Source: Royal Genealogies <http://ftp.cac.psu.edu/~saw/royal/>Had 15 children: Eleanor, Joan, John, Henry, Julian (Katherine), Joan of Acre, Alfonso (Earl of Chester), Margaret, Berengaria, Mary, Alice, Elizabeth, Edward II (King of England), Beatrice and Blanche.

      Eleanor was only about ten years old when married to the 15-year-old Edward of Westminster at Las Huelgas in 1254. Such child marriages were commonplace , and the brides were usually consigned to their husbands' families to complete their education. The marriages were not consummated until the bride reached a suitable age; in Eleanor's case, this seems to have been 18 or 19. Source: Royal Genealogies <http://ftp.cac.psu.edu/~saw/royal/>
    • Line 2505 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME Leonor Princess Of /CASTILE AND LEON/
      Line 2516 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: BURI PLAC Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      Line 3204 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME Leonor Princess Of /CASTILE AND LEON/
      Line 3215 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: BURI PLAC Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      Line 7265 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME Leonor Princess Of /CASTILE AND LEON/
      Line 7276 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: BURI PLAC Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      Line 7946 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME Leonor Princess Of /CASTILE AND LEON/
      Line 7957 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: BURI PLAC Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      Line 14860 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME Leonor Princess Of /CASTILE AND LEON/
      Line 14871 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: BURI PLAC Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      Line 13051 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME Leonor Princess Of /CASTILE AND LEON/
      Line 13062 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: BURI PLAC Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      Line 3365 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME Leonor Princess Of /CASTILE AND LEON/
      Line 3376 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: BURI PLAC Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      Line 2939 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME Leonor Princess Of /CASTILE AND LEON/
      Line 2950 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: BURI PLAC Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      Line 8190 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME Leonor Princess Of /CASTILE AND LEON/
      Line 8201 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: BURI PLAC Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      Line 12341 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME Leonor Princess Of /CASTILE AND LEON/
      Line 12352 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: BURI PLAC Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
    • From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
      From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.
    • NOTES: Eleanor was only about ten years old when married to the 15 year old Edward of Westminster at Las Huelgas in 1254. Such child marriages were commonplace in Europe in the Middle Ages and the brides were usually consigned to their husbands' families to complete ther education. The marriages were not consummated until the bride reached a suitable age (usually 14 or 15) and in Eleanor's case it seems to have been 18 or 19.
    • Queen of England 1274-1290
    • Eleanor [Eleanor of Castile] (1241-1290), queen of England, consort of Edward I, was the daughter of Ferdinand III of Castile (1201-1252) and his second wife, Jeanne de Dammartin (d. 1279), heir to the French county of Ponthieu. Ancient claims to Gascony in Aquitaine, raised in 1252-3 by Eleanor's half-brother Alfonso X, were transferred to Edward [see Edward I] upon his marriage to Eleanor at the convent of Las Huelgas near Burgos on 1 November 1254. Though diplomatically advantageous the marriage was unpopular in England, as it was feared Edward's bride would bring a crowd of Castilians in her wake. Eleanor came to England in October 1255, but little is recorded of her before the barons' wars. She supported Edward's turn to the Lusignans in 1258, and was abroad with him between 1260 and 1263. When he returned from France in February 1263, mercenaries whom Eleanor obtained from Ponthieu were among the troops he installed in Windsor Castle. Contrary to general belief, she did not leave England during the crisis. She lived at Windsor after the battle of Lewes, when Henry III ordered her to join him (17 June 1264), probably at Montfort's wishes as it was thought she might be hiring Castilian mercenaries. After the battle of Evesham she secured grants of rebels' lands and began to acquire the rich estates for which she became notorious.

      In August 1270 Eleanor and Edward left England for the Holy Land. At Acre in June 1272 an assassin wounded Edward with a poisoned knife; his life was despaired of until a surgeon cut the inflamed flesh from his arm. The legend that Eleanor instead sucked poison from the wound is first found in the Historia ecclesiastica by the Dominican Ptolemy of Lucca (d. 1327?), who gave it only as a popular story. Camden first published it in England in Britannia (1586). Walter of Guisborough's chronicle states merely that Eleanor, weeping and lamenting, was led from Edward's bedside before the operation.

      Following Henry III's death the couple returned to England and were crowned together on 19 August 1274. With Edward's support Eleanor from 1275 expanded her estates by securing English knights' debts to Jewish moneylenders, and then taking over lands pledged for the debts. She obtained much land in this way between 1278 and 1281; thereafter she acquired more estates by purchase than through Jewish debts, but continued to collect such debts and probably exacted usury on them. Archbishop Pecham warned her in 1283 that this was causing scandal, and in 1286 wrote of continued outcry and gossip. By 1290 Eleanor's lands were worth upwards of 2500 yearly; the revenue was needed, but such economic activity was unprecedented for a queen. English reactions are seen in the Dunstable annals' description of Eleanor as 'a Spaniard by birth, who acquired many fine manors' (Ann. mon., 3.362), and Guisborough's verse noting her craving for land:


      The king would like to get our gold
      The queen, our manors fair to hold.
      (Chronicle, 216)
      Pecham's intervention in 1283 for some of Eleanor's overburdened tenants forecast her dying prayer that Edward name commissioners to assess damages for wrongs committed in her name; that inquest revealed many harsh practices by her officials, and found that she ordered them to harass or punish those who crossed her. Pecham's 1279 letter to the nuns of Castle Hedingham Priory indicates that Eleanor's ungracious behaviour when vexed was well known.

      A highly cultured woman, Eleanor was a discerning patron of vernacular letters and supported the English universities. She founded several Dominican houses in England, but her liking for the friars and her dealings with the Jews distanced her from the bishops and older orders. Like Edward's parents, she arranged English marriages for many of her relatives, but discreetly enough that she incurred no criticism. None the less her liking for Castilian practices was made widely evident, and her protection of Castilian merchants irritated the men of Southampton. She was a devoted wife to Edward, with whom she had sixteen children, among them Edward II, Joan of Acre, and Mary of Woodstock; he esteemed her but allowed her no part in the affairs of the realm, and restrained her from extorting money improperly. Although Eleanor was active in Anglo-Castilian relations, Alfonso X's disastrous reign left her without effective support from abroad; she succeeded her mother in Ponthieu in 1279, but the inheritance did not alter her status in England. Her political influence was in fact negligible, but her harsh administration, her traffic with the usurers, the many reminders of her foreign birth, and ironically her close relationship with Edward, none the less led some to suspect, as Pecham warned her in 1283, that she was responsible for the king's strict rule.

      While with Edward in Aquitaine in 1287 Eleanor contracted a quartan fever, probably the 'low fever' of which she died at Harby near Lincoln on 28 November 1290, survived by a son and five daughters. She was buried in Westminster Abbey on 17 December with great ceremony; her viscera were interred in Lincoln Cathedral, her heart in the Dominicans' London church. Her Westminster tomb survives, its superb gilt bronze effigy cast by William Torel. Edward marked her funeral procession with twelve monumental crosses between Lincoln and Westminster; those at Geddington, Hardingstone, and Waltham survive. Camden portrayed these crosses as a bereaved king's tribute to a loved and respected queen, and embellished this view of Eleanor in Remains (1607). A late eulogy of her from Thomas Walsingham's Historia Anglicana (after 1392), first printed by Archbishop Parker in 1574, has helped to give Eleanor, a queen more controversial than politically influential, a far more attractive reputation in recent centuries than she enjoyed in her lifetime.

      John Carmi Parsons










      Sources J. C. Parsons, Eleanor of Castile: queen and society in thirteenth-century England (1995) + M. Prestwich, Edward I (1988) + S. L. Waugh, The lordship of England: royal wardships and marriages in English society and politics, 1217-1327 (1988) + The chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, ed. H. Rothwell, CS, 3rd ser., 89 (1957) + Ann. mon. + G. Camdeno [W. Camden], Britannia, sive, Florentissimorum regnorum, Angliae, Scotiae, Hiberniae (1586) + L. A. Muratori, 'Ptolemaei Lucensis historia ecclesiastica', Rerum Italicarum scriptores, ed. F. Argellati, 11 (Milan, 1727) + Registrum epistolarum fratris Johannis Peckham, archiepiscopi Cantuariensis, ed. C. T. Martin, 3 vols., Rolls Series, 77 (1882-5) + J. C. Parsons, ed., The court and household of Eleanor of Castile in 1290, Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies: Texts and Studies, 37 (1977) + Thomae Walsingham, quondam monachi S. Albani, historia Anglicana, ed. H. T. Riley, 2 vols., pt 1 of Chronica monasterii S. Albani, Rolls Series, 28 (1863-4) + W. Camden, Remains (1607) + J. C. Parsons, 'The year of Eleanor of Castile's birth and her children by Edward I', Mediaeval Studies, 46 (1984), 245-65
      Likenesses W. Torel, gilt-bronze effigy, 1291-3, Westminster Abbey, London [see illus.] · electrotype (after an effigy by W. Torel), Westminster Abbey, London, NPG · statue (Eleanor cross), Geddington, Northamptonshire · statue (Eleanor cross), Hardingstone, Northamptonshire · statue (Eleanor cross), Waltham, Hertfordshire · wax seal, BM
      Wealth at death approx. 2500-value of lands p.a.: Parsons, Eleanor of Castile, 84
    • Imported from "The Tillotson Project": tilston@pe.net
    • Eleanor of Castile
      http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=49251136-8584-47a3-93bf-c6721cb2e5e0&tid=121588&pid=-1183459081
    • Eleanor OF CASTILE, Spanish LEONOR DE CASTILLA (b. 1246--d. Nov. 28, 1290, Harby, Nottinghamshire, Eng.), queen consort of King Edward I of England (ruled 1272-1307). Her devotion to Edward helped bring out his better qualities; after her death, his rule became somewhat arbitrary. Eleanor was the daughter of King Ferdinand III of Castile and his wife, Joan of Ponthieu.
      In 1254 Eleanor was married to Lord Edward, son of England's King Henry III. In honour of the event, her half brother, Alfonso X of Castile, transferred to Edward his claims to Gascony. When Henry III's baronial opponents seized power in England in 1264, Eleanor was sent for safety to France; she returned in October 1265, after Edward had crushed the rebels.
      Eleanor accompanied Edward on a crusade from 1270 to 1273. The story that she saved his life at Acre (now in Israel) by sucking poison from a dagger wound is evidently apocryphal. After Edward ascended the throne, Eleanor was criticized for allegedly mistreating the tenants on her lands. Upon her death, Edward erected the famous Eleanor Crosses--several of which still stand--at each place where her coffin rested on its way to London. [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD '907]
    • !From "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonist" by WEIS, 6th ed, line 110, page 104; "Eleanor of Castile, d Grantham, England, 28 Nov 1290; m 1254 Edward I, (1-28), d 1307, King of England. (CP II 59 note b; X 118;; CCN 356)." Above text shows several more generations of ancestry for Eleanor.

      !Place is; Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
    • From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
      Eleanor of Castile (1246 - 28 November 1290) was the first queenconsort of Edward I of England. Eleanor was born in Castile, Spain,the daughter of Ferdinand III, King of Castile and Leon and his secondwife, Jeanne de Dammartin, Countess of Ponthieu. Her given name wasLeonor (she was called Eleanor in England). She married Edward, theson of Henry III of England, in October 1254 at Burgos and becamequeen in 1272 when his father died and he became king. Theirs was oneof the most successful royal marriages of all time, and she oftenaccompanied her husband on his military campaigns, giving birth to hisfourth son (later King Edward II of England) at Caernarfon in 1284,immediately after the conquest of Wales. She gave birth to sixteenchildren all told, six of whom survived into adulthood, but only twoor three of whom outlived their parents.

      Eleanor died on November 28, 1290, at Nottingham (believed actuallyHarby, Nottinghamshire rather than the city), and her body wasreturned to London for burial at Westminster Abbey. Such was Edward'sdevotion to her that he erected memorial crosses at each overnightstop. Three of these "Eleanor crosses" are still landmarks today,although the most famous at Charing Cross (from which its namederives) is a copy. He did not remarry for nine years, to Margaret ofFrance, in 1299.

      The locations of the 12 crosses were as follows: Lincoln, Grantham,Stamford, Geddington, Northampton, Stony Stratford, Woburn, Dunstable,St Albans, Waltham, Westcheap, and Charing.
    • REFERENCE: 1933
    • !From "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonist" by WEIS, 6th ed, line 110, page 104; "Eleanor of Castile, d Grantham, England, 28 Nov 1290; m 1254 Edward I, (1-28), d 1307, King of England. (CP II 59 note b; X 118;; CCN 356)." Above text shows several more generations of ancestry for Eleanor.

      !Place is; Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
    • 1244

      or Harby

      (body)

      (viscera)

      (heart)

      only one son and five daughters lived through adulthood
      Princess of Castile and Leon, Countess of Ponthiu.
      NOTE
      GEDCOM created by TMG...
    • NOTE
      from Melissa Thompson Alexander ma.da@gte.net. Not all informationverified and documented. Please use this as a guide and contact me orthe source for more information. I am actively making updates andcorrections and reposting the informa
    • Eleanor of Castile
      From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

      Eleanor of Castile (1241 – 28 November 1290) was the first Queen consort of Edward I of England. Eleanor was born in Castile, Spain, daughter of Fernando III, King of Castile and Leon and his second wife, Jeanne, Countess of Ponthieu. Her Castilian name, Leonor, became Alienor or Alianor in England, and Eleanor in modern English. She was the second of five children born to Fernando and Jeanne. Her elder brother Fernando was born in 1239/40, her younger brother Luis in 1242/43; two sons born after Luis died young. For ceremonies in 1291 marking the first anniversary of Eleanor's death, 49 candlebearers appeared to commemorate each year of her life. This would date her birth to 1241.

      Eleanor was not originally meant to be queen of England. The kings of Castile long claimed to be paramount lords of the kingdom of Navarre in the Pyrenées, and from 1250 Ferdinand III and his heir, Eleanor's half-brother Alfonso X of Castile, wanted her to marry Thibaut II of Navarre. To avoid Castilian control, Thibaut's mother allied with the king of Aragon instead. In 1252, Alfonso X resurrected flimsy ancestral claims to the duchy of Gascony, in the south of Aquitaine, England's last possession in France. Henry III of England swiftly countered Alfonso's claims. Early in 1254 they began to negotiate; after haggling over the financial provision for Eleanor, Henry and Alfonso agreed she would marry Henry's son Edward, and Alfonso would transfer his Gascon claims to Edward. They married at Burgos in Castile on 1 November 1254. Henry III took pride in resolving the Gascon crisis so decisively, but his English subjects feared that the marriage would bring Eleanor's kinfolk and countrymen to live off Henry's ruinous generosity. Several of her relatives did come to England soon after her marriage. She was too young to stop them or prevent Henry III paying for them, but she was blamed anyway and her marriage was unpopular.

      Eleanor's life in England is little known before the 1260s, when war between Henry III and his barons divided England. During this period Eleanor supported Edward's interests, importing archers from her mother's county of Ponthieu in France. Later rumors that she sought more troops from Castile led to her removal from Windsor Castle in June 1264 after the battle of Lewes; Edward was imprisoned and she was kept at Westminster. After Edward and Henry's army won the battle of Evesham in 1265, Edward and Eleanor rose to prominence as he took a major role in reforming the government. By 1270, the kingdom was pacified and they left to join his uncle Louis IX of France on Crusade. Louis died at Carthage before they arrived, however, and they spent the winter in Sicily before reaching Acre in Palestine in May 1271. The expedition was unsuccessful, but the Turks were worried enough by Edward's presence at Acre that an assassination attempt was made on him in June 1272. He was wounded in the arm by a dagger; an English surgeon saved him by cutting away inflamed flesh, but only after Eleanor was led from his bed, "weeping and wailing." Later storytellers embellished this incident, claiming Eleanor sucked poison from the wound, but this fanciful tale has no foundation. They left Palestine in September 1272 and heard of Henry III's death (16 November 1272) in Sicily that December. Edward and Eleanor returned to England and were crowned together on 19 August 1274.

      Arranged royal marriages in the Middle Ages were not always happy, but available evidence indicates that Eleanor and Edward were a devoted couple. They were rarely apart; she accompanied him on military campaigns in Wales, famously giving birth to their son Edward in 1284 amid the construction of Caernarfon Castle. Their household records witness many incidents that imply a comfortable, even humorous, relationship. Each year on Easter Monday, Edward let Eleanor's ladies trap him in his bed and paid them a token ransom so he could go to her bedroom on the first day after Lent; so important was this custom to him that in 1291, on the first Easter Monday after Eleanor's death, he gave her ladies the money he would have given them had she been alive. Edward disliked ceremonies and in 1290 would not attend the Earl Marshal's wedding; Eleanor thoughtfully paid minstrels to play for him while he sat alone during the wedding. That Edward remained single until he wed Marguerite of France in 1299 is often cited to prove he cherished Eleanor's memory. In fact he considered a second marriage in 1293, but this does not mean he did not mourn Eleanor. Eloquent testimony is found in his letter to the abbot of Cluny in France (January 1291), seeking prayers for the soul of the wife "whom living we dearly cherished, and whom dead we cannot cease to love." But only one of Eleanor's sons survived childhood and, even before she died, Edward worried over the succession: if that son died, their daughters' husbands might cause a succession war. Despite his personal grief, Edward faced his duty and married again. He delighted in the sons his new wife bore, but attended memorial services for Eleanor to the end of his life, Marguerite at his side on at least one occasion.

      It has been suggested that Eleanor and Edward were more devoted to each other than to their children. As king and queen, however, it was impossible for them to spend much time in one place, and when young, the children could not travel constantly with their parents. The children had a household staffed with attendants carefully chosen for competence and loyalty, with whom the parents corresponded regularly. In 1290, Eleanor sent one of her scribes to join this household, presumably to share in the children's education, and in 1306 Edward sharply scolded the woman in charge of his children, who had not informed him of their health. The children lived there until about seven years old; then they began to accompany their parents for important occasions, and by their teens they were with the king and queen much of the time. Two incidents cited to imply Eleanor's disinterest in her children are easily explained in the contexts of royal childrearing in general, and of particular events surrounding Edward and Eleanor's family. Their daughter Joan was raised by her grandmother in Ponthieu (1274-78), but the practice of fostering noble children in other households of sufficient dignity was not unknown and the queen's mother was, of course, dowager queen of Castile. When their six-year-old son Henry lay dying at Guildford in 1274, neither parent made the short journey from London to see him; he was tended by Edward's mother Eleanor of Provence, who had raised the boy during the four years his parents were on Crusade. She was thus at that moment more familiar to him than his parents, and the better able to comfort him in his illness. Since Henry was always sickly, the gravity of his illness was perhaps not realized until it was too late for his parents to reach him.

      Eleanor is warmly remembered by history as the queen who inspired the Eleanor crosses, but she was not so loved in her own time. The English saw her as a greedy foreigner. Walter of Guisborough preserves the following poem:

      "The king desires to get our gold/the queen, our manors fair to hold..."
      Archbishop John Pecham of Canterbury warned Eleanor that her activities in the land market caused rumor and scandal across the realm. Eleanor's often aggressive acquisition of lands was an unusual degree of economic activity for any medieval noblewoman, let alone a queen: between 1274 and 1290 she acquired estates worth above L2500 yearly. In fact, Edward initiated this process and his ministers helped her. He wanted the queen to hold lands sufficient for her financial needs without drawing on funds needed for government. One of his methods to help Eleanor acquire land was to give her debts Christian landlords owed Jewish moneylenders; she then foreclosed on lands pledged for the debts. Association with the unpopular moneylenders further blighted her reputation.

      Pecham also warned of the outcry against her officials' demands upon her tenants. On her deathbed, Eleanor asked Edward to name justices to examine the officials' actions and make reparations. The proceedings from this inquest reveal a pattern of ruthless exactions, often without the queen's knowledge. She righted a number of such wrongs when she heard of them, but not often enough to prevent a third warning from Pecham that many in England thought she urged Edward to rule harshly. In fact Edward allowed her little political influence, but her officials' demands were ascribed to her imagined personal severity, which was used to explain the king's administrative strictness. In other words, the queen was made to wear the king's unpopular mask. It was always safer to blame a foreign-born queen than to criticize a "good" king, and easier to believe he was misled by a meddling wife. Eleanor was neither the first queen nor the last to be blamed for a king's actions, but in her case the unsavory conduct of her own administration made it even easier to shift such blame to her.

      Contemporary evidence shows clearly that Eleanor had no impact on the political history of Edward's reign. Even in diplomatic matters her role was minor, though Edward heeded her advice on the age at which their daughters could be married. Otherwise she merely bestowed gifts on visiting princes or envoys. Edward always honored his obligations to Alfonso X, but even when Alfonso's need was desperate in the early 1280s, Edward did not send English knights to Castile; he sent only knights from Gascony. In England, Eleanor mediated disputes of a minor nature, but only with the help of ranking members of Edward's entourage. Edward was prepared to stop her if he felt she had gone too far in any of her activities, and expected his ministers to do likewise.

      If she was allowed no effective official role, Eleanor was an intelligent woman and found satisfying outlets for her energies. She was an active patroness of vernacular literature, with scribes and an illuminator in her household to copy books for her. The number and variety of new works written for her show that her interests were wide-ranging and sophisticated. On Crusade in 1272, she had Vegetius' Latin treatise on warfare translated for Edward; after she succeeded her mother as countess of Ponthieu in 1279, a romance was written for her about the life of a supposed ninth-century count of Ponthieu. Archbishop Pecham wrote a work for her to explain what angels were and what they did. The queen was a devoted patron of Dominican friars, founding several priories in England and supporting their work at the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge. Not surprisingly, her piety was of an intellectual stamp; she was not given to good works, and her chaplains distributed alms for her. She patronized many relatives, though given foreigners' unpopularity in England and the criticism of Henry III and Eleanor of Provence's generosity to them, she was cautious as queen to choose which cousins to support. Rather than marry male cousins to English heiresses, which would put English wealth in foreign hands, she arranged marriages for her female cousins to English barons. Edward strongly supported these endeavors.

      Eleanor of Castile's queenship is significant in English history for the evolution of a stable financial system for the king's wife, and for the honing this process gave the queen-consort's prerogatives. The lands Eleanor assembled became the nucleus for dower assignments made to later queens of England into the fifteenth century, and a queen-consort's freedom to engage in such transactions was solidly established. Few later queens exerted themselves to the extent Eleanor did, but their ability to do so rested on precedents from Eleanor's lifetime.

      After a feverish illness that had lasted for some three years, Eleanor died on 28 November 1290 in the village of Harby, Nottinghamshire, 5 miles from Lincoln. She was forty-nine years old, had been married to Edward for thirty-six years, and had borne sixteen children. Edward followed her body to burial in Westminster Abbey, and erected memorial crosses at each overnight stop between Lincoln and Westminster. Patterned on crosses in France marking Louis IX's funeral procession, these artistically significant monuments enhanced the image of Edward's kingship as well as witnessing his grief. The "Eleanor crosses" stood at Lincoln, Grantham, Stamford, Geddington, Northampton, Stony Stratford, Woburn, Dunstable, St Albans, Waltham, Westcheap, and Charing. Three survive, at Geddington, Northampton, and Waltham. The most famous, at Charing, is a modern reconstruction, and the original statues of Eleanor on the Waltham cross were removed in the 1980s to protect them from urban pollution. On the outside of Lincoln Cathedral are two prominent statues often identified as Edward and Eleanor, but these were restored in the nineteenth century and probably did not originally depict the couple.

      Eleanor probably ordered her tomb in Westminster Abbey before her death. It consists of a marble chest with carved moldings and shields (originally painted) of the arms of England, Castile, and Ponthieu. The chest is surmounted by William Torel's superb gilt-bronze effigy, showing Eleanor in the same pose as the image on her great seal. Edward put a duplicate of this tomb in Lincoln cathedral where her viscera were buried; her heart rested in the Dominican priory in London. Her Blackfriars monument was lost in the Reformation. The original stone chest of the Lincoln tomb survives; its effigy was destroyed in the seventeenth century, but was replaced by a nineteenth-century copy.

      Despite her unpopularity in her own day, Eleanor of Castile has had a positive reputation since the sixteenth century. The antiquarian William Camden first published in England the tale that Eleanor saved Edward's life at Acre by sucking his wound. Camden ascribed the Eleanor crosses to Edward's grief at the loss of an heroic wife who risked her own life to save him. Seventeenth- and eighteenth-century historians parrotted Camden, and in the mid-nineteenth century the self-styled historian Agnes Strickland used Camden to paint the rosiest of all pictures of Eleanor. None of these writers used contemporary chronicles or records that could provide accurate information about Eleanor's life. Such documents became widely available only in the late nineteenth century, and even when historians cited them to suggest that Eleanor was not the perfect queen Strickland praised, many rejected the correction. Only since 1945 have historians studied queenship in its own right and regarded medieval queens as worthy of attention.These decades produced a sizeable body of work that allows Eleanor's life to be scrutinized in the terms of her own day, not of the seventeenth or nineteenth centuries. The evolution of her reputation is a case study in the maxim that each age creates its own history. If as a result she can no longer be seen as a paradigm of queenly virtue, her career can now be examined as the achievement of an intelligent and determined woman who was able to meet the challenges of an exceptionally demanding life.

      Contents [hide]
      1 Children of Queen Eleanor and King Edward I
      2 Sources
      2.1 External links
      2.2 See also



      [edit]
      Children of Queen Eleanor and King Edward I

      The Northampton CrossDaughter, stillborn in May 1255 in Bordeaux, Franc
      Katherine, living June 17, 1264, died September 5, 1264 and buried at Westminster Abbey.
      Joan, born January 1265, buried at Westminster Abbey before September 7, 1265.
      John, born July 13, 1266, died August 3, 1271 at Wallingford, in the custody of his granduncle, Richard, Earl of Cornwall. Buried at Westminster Abbey.
      Henry, born before May 6, 1268, died October 16, 1274.
      Eleanor, born ca. 18 June 1269 and died 29 August 1298. She was long betrothed to Alfonso III of Aragon, who died in 1291 before the marriage could take place, and in 1293 she married Count Henry III of Bar.
      Daughter, born after May 1271 in Palestine and died before September 1272.
      Joan of Acre. born at Acre 1272 and died April 7, 1307. She married (1) Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford, (2) Ralph Morthermer, 1st Baron Monthermer.
      Alphonso, Earl of Chester, born 24 November 1273, died 19 August 1284, buried in Westminster Abbey.
      Margaret, born March 15, 1275 and died after 1333. She married John II of Brabant.
      Berengaria, born 1 May 1276 and died before June 27, 1278, buried in Westminster Abbey.
      Daughter, died shortly after birth, January 1278.
      Mary, born 11 March 1279 and died 29 May 1332, a nun in Amesbury, Wiltshire (England).
      A son, born in 1280 or 1281, who died very shortly after birth.
      Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, born August 1281 at Rhuddlan, died 5 May 1316. She married (1) John I, Count of Holland, (2) Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford & 3rd Earl of Essex.
      Edward II of England, also known as Edward of Caernarvon, born 25 April 1284 at Caernarvon, died 21 September 1327. He married Isabella of France.
      [edit]
      Sources
      Parsons, John Carmi. Eleanor of Castile: Queen and Society in Thirteenth Century England, 1995.
      Parsons, John Carmi, "The Year of Eleanor of Castile's Birth and Her Children by Edward I," Mediaeval Studies 46 (1984): 245–265, esp. 246 n. 3.
      Parsons, John Carmi, "'Que nos lactauit in infancia': The Impact of Childhood Care-givers on Plantagenet Family Relationships in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Centuries," in Women, Marriage, and Family in Medieval Christendom: Essays in Memory of Michael M. Sheehan, C.S.B, ed. Constance M. Rousseau and Joel T. Rosenthal (Kalamazoo, 1998), pp. 289-324.
    • Eleanor of Castile, wife of Edward I of England.

      Ancestral Roots of Sixty Colonists Who Came to New England between 1623 and 1650, Sixth Edition by Frederick Lewis Weis Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore 1988 line 110-30; Plantagenet Ancestry of King Edward III and Queen Philippa by George Andrew Moriarty Mormon Pioneer Genealogical Society SLC 1985 pp 109; The Plantagent Ancestry by W.H.Turton DSO Genealogical Publishing Co. Baltimore 1984 pp 4; Royal Ancestors of Some American Families by Michel Call SLC 1989 chart

      Descents From Antiquity; The Augustan Society Torrance Ca 1986 chart W; Some research sources from Paula Evans 1992;

      She was crowned with her husband on 19 Aug 1274

      Her husband, the King, so grieved for her that he had stone crosses erected at the twelve towns where her body rested on the return to London. They were called Eleanor Crosses. The last one was raised at Charing Cross, which took its name from the Cross of the Cher Reine, or Dear Queen.
    • !SOURCE: Gary Boyd Roberts, The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants to the
      American Colonies or the United States, at 233 (1992).

      !DESCENT: Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr., Ancestral Roots of
      Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700, 7th ed., at 3 & 102
      (1992). Line 1-28, 110-30.
    • GIVN Eleanor, Princess Of
      SURN Castille
      NSFX [Queen Of Englan
      AFN 8XJ8-HJ
      _PRIMARY Y
      DATE 9 SEP 2000
      TIME 13:15:22
    • !From "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonist" by WEIS, 6th ed, line 110, page 104; "Eleanor of Castile, d Grantham, England, 28 Nov 1290; m 1254 Edward I, (1-28), d 1307, King of England. (CP II 59 note b; X 118;; CCN 356)." Above text shows several more generations of ancestry for Eleanor.

      !Place is; Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
    • NOTES: Eleanor was only about ten years old when married to the 15 year old Edward of Westminster at Las Huelgas in 1254. Such child marriages were commonplace in Europe in the Middle Ages and the brides were usually consigned to their husbands' families to complete ther education. The marriages were not consummated until the bride reached a suitable age (usually 14 or 15) and in Eleanor's case it seems to have been 18 or 19.Eleanor of Castile (1244?-90), queen consort of England (1272-90), daughter of Ferdinand III, king of Castile and León. In 1254 she married Prince Edward, later Edward I of England, the eldest son of King Henry III. In 1270 she accompanied Edward on the Seventh Crusade. During their absence from England, Henry III died (1272), and Edward succeeded to the throne. Two years later, following their return from the Middle East, Edward and Eleanor were crowned king and queen of England.
      "Eleanor of Castile," Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 98 Encyclopedia. (c) 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
    • Eleanor was only about ten years old when married to the 15 year old Edward of Westminster at Las Huelgas in 1254. Such child marriages were commonplace in Europe in the Middle Ages and the brides were usually consigned to their husbands' families to complete their education. The marriages were not consummated until the bride reached a suitable age (usually 14 or 15) and in Eleanor's case it seems to have been 18 or 19.
    • 1 AUTH Sl
    • [Kopi av ROYALS.FTW]

      Eleanor was only about ten years old when married to the 15 year old Edward of
      Westminster at Las Huelgas in 1254. Such child marriages were commonplace in
      Europe in the Middle Ages and the brides were usually consigned to their
      husbands' families to complete ther education. The marriages were not
      consummated until the bride reached a suitable age (usually 14 or 15) and in
      Eleanor's case it seems to have been 18 or 19.Eleanor was only about ten years old when married to the 15 year old Edward of
      Westminster at Las Huelgas in 1254. Such child marriages were commonplace in
      Europe in the Middle Ages and the brides were usually consigned to their
      husbands' families to complete ther education. The marriages were not
      consummated until the bride reached a suitable age (usually 14 or 15) and in
      Eleanor's case it seems to have been 18 or 19.
      [Britannia Ency.] birth date, so she was only 8 years old when
      married?? Of Castile and Leon.
      [reposted from fidonet by mari -at- netcom.com]: Eleanor (or Leonor) ..
      death date 28 Nov 1290..[Britannia Ency.] birth date, so she was only 8 years old when
      married?? Of Castile and Leon.
      [reposted from fidonet by mari -at- netcom.com]: Eleanor (or Leonor) ..
      death date 28 Nov 1290..Eleanor was only about ten years old when married to the 15 year old Edward of
      Westminster at Las Huelgas in 1254. Such child marriages were commonplace in
      Europe in the Middle Ages and the brides were usually consigned to their
      husbands' families to complete ther education. The marriages were not
      consummated until the bride reached a suitable age (usually 14 or 15) and in
      Eleanor's case it seems to have been 18 or 19.
      [Britannia Ency.] birth date, so she was only 8 years old when
      married?? Of Castile and Leon.
      [reposted from fidonet by mari -at- netcom.com]: Eleanor (or Leonor) ..
      death date 28 Nov 1290..[Britannia Ency.] birth date, so she was only 8 years old when
      married?? Of Castile and Leon.
      [reposted from fidonet by mari -at- netcom.com]: Eleanor (or Leonor) ..
      death date 28 Nov 1290..[Britannia Ency.] birth date, so she was only 8 years old when
      married?? Of Castile and Leon.
      [reposted from fidonet by mari -at- netcom.com]: Eleanor (or Leonor) ..
      death date 28 Nov 1290..
    Person ID I6000000004838388133  Ancestors of Donald Ross
    Last Modified 4 Sep 2020 

    Father Saint Ferdinand III El Santo of Burgundy, King of Castile,   b. 5 Aug 1199,   d. 30 May 1252  (Age 52 years) 
    Mother Jeanne de Dammartin, reine consort de Castille,   b. 1220,   d. 16 Mar 1279  (Age 59 years) 
    Married Oct 1237 
    Family ID F6000000008355772971  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family Edward of Westminster,   b. 17 Jun 1239, Westminster Palace Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 7 Jul 1307, Burgh by Sands Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 68 years) 
    Married 1 Nov 1254 
    Address:
    Burgos
    Burgos
    Spain 
    Children 
     1. Edward of Caernarfon, II,   b. 25 Apr 1284, Caernarfon Castle Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 21 Sep 1327, Berkeley Castle Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 43 years)
     2. Eleanor Plantagenet, Countess of Bar,   b. 17 Jun 1264, Windsor Castle Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 12 Oct 1298  (Age 34 years)
     3. Joan of Acre, Countess of Gloucester & Hertford,   b. Apr 1272, Acre, Kingdom of Acre Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 23 Apr 1307, Clare Castle, Clare, Suffolk, England Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 35 years)
    Last Modified 14 Mar 2021 
    Family ID F6000000004861115841  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart